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Constitution of the United States

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Constitution of the United States

  1. Az Egyesült Államok alkotmánya

The U.S. Constitution consists of seven articles that outline the structure, powers, and responsibilities of the federal government and the relationships between states.


Article I – The Legislative Branch

  • Establishes the U.S. Congress, which consists of:
    • House of Representatives (representation based on population)
    • Senate (each state has two senators)
  • Describes the lawmaking process.
  • Lists the powers of Congress, including:
    • Collecting taxes
    • Regulating commerce
    • Declaring war
    • Coining money
  • Limits congressional powers (e.g., no ex post facto laws, no titles of nobility).


Article II – The Executive Branch

  • Establishes the office of the President and Vice President.
  • Defines the powers and duties of the President, including:
    • Enforcing laws
    • Serving as Commander-in-Chief of the military
    • Making treaties (with Senate approval)
    • Appointing federal officials (e.g., judges, ambassadors)
  • Outlines the Electoral College system for electing the President.
  • Includes impeachment procedures for removing the President.


Article III – The Judicial Branch

  • Establishes the Supreme Court and allows Congress to create lower federal courts.
  • Defines the jurisdiction of the federal courts.
  • Grants judges lifetime tenure (as long as they maintain “good behavior”).
  • Defines treason and sets limits on its punishment.


Article IV – Relations Among States

  • Describes the relationship between states and the federal government.
  • Includes the Full Faith and Credit Clause, requiring states to recognize the laws, records, and court decisions of other states.
  • Guarantees that citizens of one state have the same rights as citizens of another (Privileges and Immunities Clause).
  • Establishes the process for admitting new states to the Union.


Article V – The Amendment Process

  • Describes how the Constitution can be amended:
    • Proposal: Requires two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress OR a constitutional convention called by two-thirds of the states.
    • Ratification: Requires approval by three-fourths of state legislatures OR state conventions.


Article VI – Supremacy of the Constitution

  • Establishes the Supremacy Clause, stating that the U.S. Constitution and federal laws take precedence over state laws.
  • Requires all federal and state officials to swear an oath to uphold the Constitution.
  • Declares that no religious test shall be required for public office.


Article VII – Ratification of the Constitution

  • Specifies that the Constitution would take effect once nine out of thirteen states ratified it.
  • This article allowed the Constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation.


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