caffeine

caffeine

Clinical data
Pronunciation	/kæˈfiːn, ˈkæfiːn/
Other names	Guaranine Methyltheobromine 1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine 7-methyltheophylline Theine
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Caffeine
Pregnancy category	AU: A
Dependence liability	Physical: Moderate 13% and variable low–high 10–73% Psychological: Low–moderate
Addiction liability	Relatively low: 9% Sablon:fv
Routes of administration	Common: By mouth Medical: Intravenous Uncommon: Insufflation, rectal, transdermal, topical
Drug class	Stimulant; Adenosinergic; Eugeroic; Nootropic; Anxiogenic; Analeptic; PDE inhibitor; Diuretic
ATC code	N06BC01 (WHO) D11AX26 (WHO), V04CG30 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: Unscheduled BR: Unscheduled CA: Unscheduled DE: Unscheduled NZ: Unscheduled UK: General sales list (GSL, OTC) US: Unscheduled UN: Unscheduled CN: OTC In general Legal for all uses
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	99%
Protein binding	10–36%
Metabolism	Primary: CYP1A2 Minor: CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9
Metabolites	• Paraxanthine 84% • Theobromine 12% • Theophylline 4%
Onset of action	45 minutes–1 hour
Elimination half-life	Adults: 3–7 hours Infants (full term): 8 hours Infants (premature): 100 hours
Duration of action	3–4 hours
Excretion	Urine (100%)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 1,3,7-Trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
CAS Number	58-08-2
PubChem CID	2519
IUPHAR/BPS	407
DrugBank	DB00201
ChemSpider	2424
UNII	3G6A5W338E
KEGG	D00528
ChEBI	CHEBI:27732
ChEMBL	ChEMBL113
NIAID ChemDB	none
PDB ligand	CFF (PDBe, RCSB PDB)
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C8H10N4O2
Molar mass	194.194 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Density	1.23 g/cm3
Melting point	235 to 238 °C (455 to 460 °F) (anhydrous)
SMILES CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C(=O)N2C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C8H10N4O2/c1-10-4-9-6-5(10)7(13)12(3)8(14)11(6)2/h4H,1-3H3 Key:RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Angol

Főnév

caffeine (tsz. caffeines)

1. (gyógyszertan) koffein

További információk

• caffeine - Szótár.net (en-hu)
• caffeine - Sztaki (en-hu)
• caffeine - Merriam–Webster
• caffeine - Cambridge
• caffeine - WordNet
• caffeine - Яндекс (en-ru)
• caffeine - Google (en-hu)
• caffeine - Wikidata
• caffeine - Wikipédia (angol)