Modul:ryu

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local export = {}

local titleObj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
local pagename = titleObj.text
local namespace = titleObj.nsText

local str_gsub = string.gsub
local find = mw.ustring.find
local length = mw.ustring.len
local trim = mw.text.trim
local split = mw.text.split
local sub, gsub = mw.ustring.sub, mw.ustring.gsub
local match, gmatch = mw.ustring.match, mw.ustring.gmatch
local to_cp, to_char = mw.ustring.codepoint, mw.ustring.char

local Jpan = require("Module:scripts").getByCode("Jpan")
local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("ryu")

-- note that arrays loaded by mw.loadData cannot be directly used by gsub
local data = mw.loadData("Module:ryu/data")

-- Unicode normalization often converts these to the corresponding CJK Unified Ideographs characters
local compat_ideo = mw.ustring.char(0xF900) .. "-" .. mw.ustring.char(0xFAD9)

export.data = {
	joyo_kanji = data.joyo_kanji,
	jinmeiyo_kanji = data.jinmeiyo_kanji,
	grade1 = data.grade1,
	grade2 = data.grade2,
	grade3 = data.grade3,
	grade4 = data.grade4,
	grade5 = data.grade5,
	grade6 = data.grade6
}

local function track(code)
	if type(code) ~= "string" then
		error("The track function requires a string as argument.")
	end
	require("Module:debug").track("ryu/" .. code)
end

local function change_codepoint(added_value)
	return function(char)
		return to_char(to_cp(char) + added_value)
	end
end

function export.hira_to_kata(text)
	if type(text) == "table" then text = text.args[1] end

	return (gsub(gsub(text, '[ぁ-ゖ]', change_codepoint(96)), '[𛅐-𛅒]', change_codepoint(20)))
end

function export.kata_to_hira(text)
	if type(text) == "table" then text = text.args[1] end

	return (gsub(gsub(text, '[ァ-ヶ]', change_codepoint(-96)), '[𛅤-𛅦]', change_codepoint(-20)))
end

function export.fullwidth_to_halfwidth(text)
	if type(text) == "table" then text = text.args[1] end

	text = gsub(text, ' ', ' ')
	return (gsub(text, '[!-~]', change_codepoint(-65248)))
end

function export.kana_to_romaji(text, options)
	-- options: no_diacritics, keep_period, hist, anc, phonetic
	local str_find = string.find

	if type(text) == "table" then
		text = text.args[1]
	end

	if not options then options = {} end

	-- conversions
	if not options.phonetic then
		text = gsub(text, '(%-)([はハ])$', '%1㊟㈛㊟%2') -- は as suffix (派 "-ha", etc.) and appearing at the end of string
		text = gsub(text, '(%-)([はハ]) ', '%1㊟㈛㊟%2 ') -- は as suffix and appearing mid-sentence
	end
	
	text = str_gsub(text, '%', '㊟㌫㊟') -- at [[見込む]], for example; avoid collision with % used in our ruby syntax
	text = str_gsub(text, '\'\'\'', '㊟⒝㊟')
	text = str_gsub(text, '<u>', '㊟㋑⒰㊟')
	text = str_gsub(text, '</u>', '㊟㋺⒰㊟')
	
	local text_styling = "㊟[㋑㋺⒝⒰]+㊟"
	
	-- avoid tampering with existing latin text: store it away
	local escape = {}
	local id = 0
	for latin in string.gmatch(text, "[a-z]+") do
		escape[id] = latin
		text = str_gsub(text, latin, "㊟㊕㊕㊟" .. id .. "㊟㊕㊕㊟")
		id = id + 1
	end

	-- special preformatting
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ヶげつ', 'かげつ')
	text = gsub(text, 'ヶ(' .. text_styling .. ')げつ', 'か%1げつ') -- 「'''ヶ'''げつ」
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ヶ', 'が')
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ヵ', 'か')
	text = gsub(text, '(.)[ゝヽ]', '%1%1')
	text = gsub(text, '(.)[ゞヾ]', function(char) return mw.ustring.toNFC(char .. char .. '゙') end) -- unicode hax

	-- [[Wiktionary:Grease_pit/2017/May#Formatting_for_individual_Japanese_readings]]
	if options.hist then
--		text = gsub(text, '[やゆよわゐゑを]', '㊟⒳㊟%0')
		text = gsub(text, '.',
			{
--				['つ'] = 'tu',
--				['ち'] = 'ti',
--				['づ'] = 'du',
--				['ぢ'] = 'di',
--				['し'] = 'si',
--				['じ'] = 'zi',
--				['ゐ'] = 'wi',
--				['を'] = 'wo',
				['𛀁'] = 'ye',
			}
		)
	end
	
	if options.anc then
		text = gsub(text, '[やゆよわゐゑを]', '㊟⒳㊟%0')
		text = gsub(text, '.',
			{
				['つ'] = 'tu',
				['ち'] = 'ti',
				['づ'] = 'du',
				['ぢ'] = 'di',
				['し'] = 'si',
				['じ'] = 'zi',
				['ゐ'] = 'wi',
				['を'] = 'wo',
				['𛀁'] = 'ye',
			}
		)
	end

	text = export.hira_to_kata(text)
	text = gsub(text, '.', data.kr)
	text = export.fullwidth_to_halfwidth(text)

	if options.anc then
		text = str_gsub(text, 'oo', 'o.o')
		text = str_gsub(text, 'ou', 'o.u')
		text = str_gsub(text, 'h', 'f')
		
		local old = text
		text = str_gsub(text, 'i㊟⒳㊟y', 'y') -- くゐやう kwyau
		text = str_gsub(text, '([kg])u㊟⒳㊟w', '%1w') 
		if old ~= text then
			--[=[
				There may be cases in which i or u is deleted incorrectly, and a
				period should be inserted.
				"Syncope" isn't quite accurate, as there wasn't a sound change.
				It's just an orthographic convention.
				[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:tracking/ja/mora syncope]]
			]=]
			mw.log(str_gsub(old, '㊟⒳㊟', '')  .. ' → ' .. str_gsub(text, '㊟⒳㊟', '') )
			track('mora syncope')
		end
		
		text = str_gsub(text, '㊟⒳㊟', '') -- ゑつ wetsu
	end

	-- markup
	text = str_gsub(text, '%%', '.') -- ruby "percent sign" syntax
	text = gsub(text, '([ッ¤])%.', '%1') -- 「し を ぼっ.す」; 「るい%じん%えん」→「rui.jin¤.en¤」

	-- 「テェェェ」→「テェーー」 (avoid funky romaji effected by the "(テュ→)teユ→tyu" line below)
	local kogaki_vowels = {'ァ','ィ','ゥ','ェ','ォ'}
	for _, char in ipairs(kogaki_vowels) do
		text = gsub(text, '('..char..')('..char..'+)', function(a,b) return a .. mw.ustring.rep('ー', length(b)) end)
	end

	-- (ゲェ→)geェ→gee (note that this also causes things like ウゥ→wu and イィ→yi)
	text = gsub(text, '[aiueo][ァィゥェォ]', {['aァ']='aa',['iィ']='yi',['uゥ']='wu',['eェ']='ee',['oォ']='oo',})

	-- (クヮ→)kuヮ→kwa, (ク𛅤→)ku𛅤→kwi, (ク𛅥→)ku𛅥→kwe, (ク𛅦→)ku𛅦→kwo
	text = gsub(text, '[u]([ヮ𛅤𛅥𛅦])', {['ヮ']='wa',['𛅤']='wi',['𛅥']='we',['𛅦']='wo',})

	-- (クァ→)kuァ→kwa, (トァ→)toァ→twa, (ウィ→)uィ→wi
	text = gsub(text, '[uo]([ァィェォ])', {['ァ']='wa',['ィ']='wi',['ェ']='we',['ォ']='wo',})
	if not options.anc then
		-- (ツァ→)cwa→ca
		text = str_gsub(text, '([fvcsz])w', '%1')
	end

	-- (テュ→)teユ→tyu, (ギェ→)giェ→gye
	text = gsub(text, '[aiueo]([ャュェョ])', {['ャ']='ya',['ュ']='yu',['ェ']='ye',['ョ']='yo',})
	-- (ジュ→)jyu→ju
	text = gsub(text, '([xjq])y', '%1')

	-- (ティ→)teィ→ti (essentially forget about the vowel in between)
	text = gsub(text, '[aiueo]([ァィゥェォ])', {['ァ']='a',['ィ']='i',['ゥ']='u',['ェ']='e',['ォ']='o',})

	-- chouonpu and sokuon
	while str_find(text, '[aiueo]ー') or str_find(text, 'ッ *[bcdfghjklmpqrstvxz]') or find(text, 'ッ' .. text_styling .. '[bcdfghjklmpqrstvxz]') do
		text = str_gsub(text, '([aiueo])ー', '%1%1')
		text = str_gsub(text, 'ッ( *)([bcdfghjklmpqrstvxz])', '%2%1%2')
		text = gsub(text, 'ッ(' .. text_styling .. ')([bcdfghjklmpqrstvxz])', '%2%1%2')
	end
	-- deal with leftover sokuon not used as geminate
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ッ', '&#39;') -- Apostrophe

	-- (ん→)n¤
	text = str_gsub(text, '¤([aiueoy])', "'%1")
	text = str_gsub(text, '¤', '')

	-- は, へ
	if not options.phonetic and str_find(text, "h[ae]") then
		for i, v in ipairs{
			{ "ha", "wa" },
			{ "he", "e" }
		} do
			local thingy = '[^a-z.㊟-]' -- not sure what this should be named
			text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. ")" .. v[1] .. "(" .. thingy .. ")", "%1" .. v[2] .. "%2")
			text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. ")" .. v[1] .. "$", "%1" .. v[2])
			text = gsub(text, "^" .. v[1] .. "(" .. thingy .. ")", v[2] .. "%1")
			if find(text, text_styling) then
				text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. ")" .. v[1] .. "(" .. text_styling .. thingy ..")", "%1" .. v[2] .. "%2")
				text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. ")" .. v[1] .. "(" .. text_styling .. ")$", "%1" .. v[2] .. "%2")
				text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. text_styling .. ")" .. v[1] .. "(" .. text_styling .. thingy ..")", "%1" .. v[2] .. "%2")
				text = gsub(text, "(" .. thingy .. text_styling .. ")" .. v[1] .. "(" .. text_styling .. ")$", "%1" .. v[2] .. "%2")
			end
		end
	end
	-- change only when
	--   ① not flanked by a-z or a period ("^sore wa nani$", "^hyappou no .he hitotsu$")
	--   ② at the end of the string and not preceded by a-z or a period ("^are wa$")
	--   ③ at the beginning of the string and not followed by a-z or a period ("^he ikou$") [not sure this is actually necessary, but I suppose it is consistent with ②]
	-- this also means that "^ha$" becomes "ha"
	-- period can be used next to the kana (either side) to force the "dumb" romanization (i.e. "ha", "he")

	-- fix sh, ch, ts
	local function handle_digraphs(geminate, intervening, main, following)
		--「めちゃ」→「mecha」
		--「めっちゃ」→「metcha」
		--「めっっちゃ」→「mettcha」
		local corresp_geminate_form = {['x']='s',['q']='t',['c']='t'}
		local corresp_main = {['x']='sh',['q']='ch',['c']='ts'}
		
		local geminate_repl, main_repl
		
		-- So as not to convert ch to tsh.
		if not following or main .. following ~= "ch" then
			main_repl = corresp_main[main]
		end
		
		if geminate ~= "" then
			geminate_repl = string.rep(corresp_geminate_form[main], #geminate)
		end
		
		return (geminate_repl or geminate) .. (intervening or "") .. (main_repl or main) .. (following or "")
	end
	
	local function handle_digraphs2(geminate, main, following)
		return handle_digraphs(geminate, nil, main, following)
	end
	
	text = gsub(text, '([xqc]+)(' .. text_styling .. ')([xqc])', handle_digraphs)
	text = gsub(text, '([xqc]*)([xqc])(.?)', handle_digraphs2)
	

	-- macrons
	-- Will cause problems if combined vowel-macron characters are used below.
	if not options.no_diacritics then
		if not options.phonetic then
			text = str_gsub(text, 'ou', 'ō')
		end
		local macron = to_char(0x304)
		text = str_gsub(
			text,
			'([oaeui])%1',
			'%1' .. macron
		)
	end

	-- remove markup and convert real periods
	if not options.keep_period then
		text = str_gsub(text, '%.', '')
		text = str_gsub(text, '。', '◆.◇')
	end

	-- 
	text = str_gsub(text, '◇◆', '')
	text = str_gsub(text, '◆◇', '')
	text = str_gsub(text, ' *◆ *', '')
	text = str_gsub(text, ' *◇ *', ' ')

	-- restore latin text
	text = str_gsub(text, "㊟㊕㊕㊟(%d+)㊟㊕㊕㊟", function(id) return escape[tonumber(id)] end)

	-- clean up spaces
	text = trim(text)
	text = str_gsub(text, ' +', ' ')
	
	-- remove double ampersands used in ruby
	text = str_gsub(text, '&&(.-)&&', '%1')

	-- uppercase markup
	text = str_gsub(text, "(%^)(㊟⒝㊟)", "%2%1") -- move ^ to an effective position if placed before bold markup
	text = str_gsub(text, "(%^)( )", "%2%1") -- same but with spaces
	text = gsub(text, '%^(.)', mw.ustring.upper) -- uppercase conversion

	-- clean up spaces again
	text = str_gsub(text, ' +', ' ')

	-- conversions
	text = str_gsub(text, '㊟⒝㊟', '\'\'\'')
	text = str_gsub(text, '㊟㋑⒰㊟', '<u>')
	text = str_gsub(text, '㊟㋺⒰㊟', '</u>')
	text = str_gsub(text, '㊟㈛㊟', '')
	text = str_gsub(text, '㊟㌫㊟', '%%')

	-- unicode NFC
	text = mw.ustring.toNFC(text)

	if find(text, '[ぁ-ー]') then
		track('k2r failure')
	end
	
	return text
end

-- removes spaces and hyphens from input
-- intended to be used when checking manual romaji to allow the
-- insertion of spaces or hyphens in manual romaji without appearing "wrong"
function export.rm_spaces_hyphens(f)
	local text = type(f) == 'table' and f.args[1] or f
	text = str_gsub(text, '.', { [' '] = '', ['-'] = '', ['.'] = '', ['\''] = '' })
	text = str_gsub(text, '&nbsp;', '')
	return text
end

function export.romaji_to_kata(f)
	local text = type(f) == 'table' and f.args[1] or f
	text = gsub(text, '.', data.rd)
	text = str_gsub(text, '(.)%1', {
		k = 'ッk', s = 'ッs', t = 'ッt', p = 'ッp',
		b = 'ッb', d = 'ッd', g = 'ッg', j = 'ッj'
	})
	text = str_gsub(text, 'tc', 'ッc')
	text = str_gsub(text, 'tsyu', 'ツュ')
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ts[uoiea]', {['tsu']='ツ',['tso']='ツォ',['tsi']='ツィ',['tse']='ツェ',['tsa']='ツァ'})
	text = str_gsub(text, 'sh[uoiea]', {['shu']='シュ',['sho']='ショ',['shi']='シ',['she']='シェ',['sha']='シャ'})
	text = str_gsub(text, 'ch[uoiea]', {['chu']='チュ',['cho']='チョ',['chi']='チ',['che']='チェ',['cha']='チャ'})
	text = str_gsub(text, "n[uoiea']?", {['nu']='ヌ',['no']='ノ',['ni']='ニ',['ne']='ネ',['na']='ナ'})
	text = str_gsub(text, '[wvtrpsnmlkjhgfdbzy][yw]?[uoiea]', data.rk)
	text = str_gsub(text, "n'?", 'ン')
	text = str_gsub(text, '[aeiou]', {
		u = 'ウ', o = 'オ', i = 'イ', e = 'エ', a = 'ア'
	})
	return text
end

-- expects: any mix of kanji and kana
-- determines the script types used
-- e.g. given イギリス人, it returns Kana+Hani
function export.script(f)
	text, script = type(f) == 'table' and f.args[1] or f, {}

	if find(text, '[ぁ-ゖ]') or find(text, '[𛅐-𛅒]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Hira')
	end
	-- TODO: there are two kanas.  This should insert Kata.
	if find(text, '[ァ-ヺー]') or find(text, '[𛅤-𛅦]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Kana')
	end
	-- 一 is unicode 4e00, previously used 丁 is 4e01
	if find(text, '[㐀-䶵一-鿌' .. compat_ideo .. '𠀀-𯨟]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Hani')
	end
	-- matching %a should have worked but matched the end of every string
	if find(text, '[a-zA-ZāēīōūĀĒĪŌŪa-zA-Z]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Romaji')
	end
	if find(text, '[0-90-9]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Number')
	end
	if find(text, '[〆々]') then
		table.insert(script, 'Abbreviation')
	end

	return table.concat(script, '+')
end

-- when counting morae, most small hiragana belong to the previous mora,
-- so for purposes of counting them, they can be removed and the characters
-- can be counted to get the number of morae.  The exception is small tsu,
-- so data.nonmora_to_empty maps all small hiragana except small tsu.
function export.count_morae(text)
	if type(text) == "table" then
		text = text.args[1]
	end
	-- convert kata to hira (hira is untouched)
	text = export.kata_to_hira(text)
	-- remove all of the small hiragana such as ょ except small tsu
	text = gsub(text,'.',data.nonmora_to_empty)
	-- remove zero-width spaces
	text = gsub(text, '‎', '')
	-- return number of characters, which should be the number of morae
	return length(text)
end

-- accepts: any mix of kana
-- returns: a hiragana sort key designed for WMF software
-- this is like sort() but doesn't return |sort=sortkey,
-- just the sort key itself, but unlike sort(), this
-- replaces the long vowel mark with its vowel
function export.jsort(text)
	if type(text) == "table" then
		text = text.args[1]
	end
	local textsub = ''
	local convertedten = ''
	local result = ''
	local len = 1

	-- remove western spaces, hyphens, and periods
	-- diff=41967612: also remove caret
	text = gsub(text, '[ %-%.%^]', '')

	text = export.kata_to_hira(text)

	-- if the first character has dakuten, replace it with the corresponding
	-- character without dakuten and add an apostrophe to the end, e.g.
	-- がす > かす'
	if gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.dakuten) == '' then
		len = length(text)
		textsub = sub(text,2,len)
		convertedten = gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.tenconv)
		text = (convertedten .. textsub .. "'")
	else
		-- similar thing but with handuken and two apostrophes, e.g. ぱす -> はす''
		if gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.handakuten) == '' then
			len = length(text)
			textsub = sub(text,2,len)
			convertedten = gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.tenconv)
			text = (convertedten .. textsub .. "''")
		end
	end
	-- replace the long vowel mark with the vowel that it stands for
	for key,value in pairs(data.longvowels) do
		text = gsub(text,key,value)
	end
	return text
end

-- returns a sort key with |sort= in front, e.g.
-- |sort=はつぐん' if given ばつぐん
function export.sort(f)
	local text = type(f) == 'table' and f.args[1] or f
	local textsub = ''
	local convertedten = ''
	local result = ''
	local len = 1
	local kyreplace = ''
	kyreplace = gsub(text,'[ァ-ヺ]', '')
	if kyreplace == '' then
		result = ('|' .. 'sort' .. '=')
	end
	text = export.kata_to_hira(text)
	if gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.dakuten) == '' then
		if kyreplace == '' then else result = ('|' .. 'sort' .. '=') end
		len = length(text)
		textsub = sub(text,2,len)
		convertedten = gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.tenconv)
		result = (result .. convertedten .. textsub .. "'")
	else
		if gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.handakuten) == '' then
			if kyreplace == '' then else result = ('|' .. 'sort' .. '=') end
			len = length(text)
			textsub = sub(text,2,len)
			convertedten = gsub(sub(text,1,1),'.',data.tenconv)
			result = (result .. convertedten .. textsub .. "''")
		else
			if kyreplace == '' then
				result = (result .. text)
			end
		end
	end
	return result
end

-- returns the "stem" of a verb or -i adjective, that is the term minus the final character
function export.definal(f)
	return sub(f.args[1],1,(length(f.args[1])-1))
end

function export.remove_ruby_markup(text)
	return (string.gsub(text, "[%^%-%. %%]", ""))
end

-- see also Template:JAruby
-- meant to be called from another module
function export.add_ruby_backend(term, kana, from_ryu_link)
	if term == kana then
		return term
	end
	local pattern = ""
	-- holds the whole segments of markup enclosed in <ruby>...</ruby>
	local ruby_markup = {}
	-- range of kana: '[ぁ-ゖァ-ヺ]'
	-- nonkana: [^ぁ-ゖァ-ヺ]
	local kanji_pattern = "[A-Za-z0-9々㐀-䶵一-鿌" .. compat_ideo .. "𠀀-𯨟0-9A-Za-z]"
	
	local str_find = string.find
	local str_gsub = string.gsub
	
	-- If term and kana aren't identical, then term should contain stuff that can
	-- have kana put above it.
	if not find(term, kanji_pattern) then
		require("Module:debug").track("ryu/ruby/no kanji")
		-- error("No kanji or other ruby-annotatable characters in first argument of add_ruby_backend.")
		return term
	end
	
	local orig_term = term
	
	-- Escape decimal numeric entities (such as &#32; representing a space) and HTML tags, which do not need ruby annotations.
	local function escape(t, i)
		return function(text, patt)
			return str_gsub(text, patt,
				function(capture)
					i = i + 1
					t[i] = capture
					return "㊟" .. string.rep("&", i) .. "㊟"
				end)
		end
	end
	
	local escaped1 = {}
	local escape1 = escape(escaped1, 0)
	
	term = escape1(term, "(&&.-&&)")
	term = escape1(term, "(&#x?%d+;)")
	term = escape1(term, "(&[A-Za-z]+;)")
	term = escape1(term, "(<[^>]+>)")
	
	local escaped2 = {}
	local escape2 = escape(escaped2, 0)
	
	kana = escape2(kana, "(&&.-&&)")
	kana = escape2(kana, "(&#%d+;)")
	kana = escape2(kana, "(&[A-Za-z]+;)")
	kana = escape2(kana, "(<[^>]+>)")
	
	if escaped1[1] or escaped2[1] then
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:tracking/ja/ruby/escaped]]
		require("Module:debug").track("ryu/ruby/escaped")
	end
	
	if #escaped2 ~= #escaped1 then
		local relationship
		if #escaped1 > #escaped2 then
			relationship = "more"
		else
			relationship = "fewer"
		end
		
		mw.logObject(escaped1)
		mw.logObject(escaped2)
		error("There are " .. relationship .. " escaped things in the text to be annotated than in the ruby text.")
	end
	
	-- links without pipes will fail
	term = str_gsub(term, '%[%[([^|%]]+)%]%]', '[[%1|%1]]')

	-- remove links from kana
	kana = str_gsub(kana, '%[%[([^|%]]+)%]%]', '%1')
	kana = str_gsub(kana, '%[%[[^%]]+|([^%]]+)%]%]', '%1')

	-- build up pattern
	-- escape the magic characters in the term
	pattern = str_gsub(term, '%[%[[^%]]+|([^%]]+)%]%]', '%1')
	pattern = require("Module:string").pattern_escape(pattern)

	pattern = str_gsub(pattern, "[%[%]]+", " *")
	kana = str_gsub(kana, "[%[%]]+", '')
	pattern = str_gsub(pattern, " *('+) *", "%1")
	kana = str_gsub(kana, " *('+) *", "%1")
	pattern = str_gsub(pattern, " +", " ")
	kana = str_gsub(kana, " +", " ")

	-- remove periods and caret signs and hyphens
	pattern = str_gsub(pattern, '%%[.^-]', '')
	kana = str_gsub(kana, '[.^-]', '')

	-- in order to make a pattern that will find the ruby,
	-- replace every unbroken string of kanji with a sub-pattern
	
	-- mw.log("before adding (..-):", pattern)
	pattern = gsub(pattern, kanji_pattern .. '+', '(..-)')
	-- get a pattern like
	-- (.+)ばか(.+)ばか(.+)ばかばかばああか(.+) when given 超ばか猿超ばか猿超ばかばかばああか猿
	-- it turns out we need to keep the spaces sometimes
	-- so that kana don't "leak" in ambiguous cases like 捨すてて撤退 where it's not clear if it's
	-- す, てったい or すて, ったい.  only solution now is to put spaces in the "term" param
	-- if they fall between kana

	-- build up term (e.g. [[歌う|歌った]])
	local replaced = {}
	local count = 0
	term = str_gsub(term, '%]', '%]') -- escape the "]" character so that it cannot appear, example becomes [[歌う|歌った%]%]
	term = gsub(
		str_gsub(term, "%-", ""),
		kanji_pattern .. '+',
		function(text)
			count = count + 1
			-- remove spaces
			text = str_gsub(text, ' ', '')
			table.insert(replaced, text)
			return '[' .. count .. ']'
		end
	) -- example becomes [[[1]う|[2]った%]%]

	
	while str_find(term, '%[%[[^|]*%[%d+%][^|]*|') do
		term = str_gsub(
			term,
			'(%[%[[^|]*)%[(%d+)%]([^|]*|)',
			function(a,b,c)
				return a .. replaced[tonumber(b)] .. c
			end
		)
	end
	 -- example becomes [[歌う|[2]った%]%]
	
	-- anchor pattern at ends of string, because quantifiers are non-greedy
	pattern = "^" .. pattern .. "$"
	
	-- apply that pattern to the kana to collect the rubies
	-- if this fails, try it without spaces
	if find(kana, pattern) == nil then
		kana = str_gsub(kana, ' ', '')
		if not find(kana, pattern) then
			mw.log("failed match:", "\n", kana, #kana, "\n", pattern, #pattern, "\n", orig_term, #orig_term)
			error("The pattern did not match the kana.")
		end
	end
	
	local ruby = { match(kana, pattern) }
	if require("Module:fun").some(function(kana) return kana:find("^ +$") end, ruby) then
		-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:tracking/ja/ruby spaces]]
		track('ruby spaces')
		mw.log('One of the kana in the ruby table derived from ' .. kana .. ' contains nothing but spaces.')
	end
	-- local ruby = {}
	-- for c in gmatch(kana, pattern) do table.insert(ruby, c) end

	-- find the kanji strings again and combine them with their ruby to make the <ruby> markup
	local kanji_segments = {}
	for c in string.gmatch(term, '%[(%d+)%]') do
		table.insert(kanji_segments, replaced[tonumber(c)])
	end
	
	if #kanji_segments ~= #ruby then
		mw.logObject(kanji_segments)
		mw.logObject(ruby)
		error("There are " .. #kanji_segments .. " kanji segments but only " .. #ruby .. " ruby segments. There should be an equal number of each.")
	end
	
	for i, kanji_segment in pairs(kanji_segments) do
		if not ruby[i] then
			error('No ruby for kanji segment "' .. kanji_segment .. '".')
		end
		
		local kanji, kana
		if mw.ustring.len(kanji_segment) > 1 and mw.ustring.len(kanji_segment) == mw.ustring.len(ruby[i]) then
			-- Split kanji and kana into individual characters.
			kanji = mw.text.split(kanji_segment, "")
			kana = mw.text.split(ruby[i], "")
		else
			kanji, kana = { kanji_segment }, { ruby[i] }
		end
		
		local ruby_string = {}
		for i = 1, #kanji do
			-- To prevent, for instance, "stop" being annotated with "stop" in [[言う]].
			if kanji[i] == kana[i] then
				table.insert(ruby_string, kanji[i])
			else
				table.insert(ruby_string, "<ruby>" .. kanji[i] .. "<rp>&nbsp;(</rp><rt>" .. kana[i] .. "</rt><rp>) </rp></ruby>")
			end
		end
		table.insert(ruby_markup, table.concat(ruby_string))
	end

	count = 0
	term = str_gsub(term, '%[%d+%]', function()
		count = count + 1
		return ruby_markup[count]
	end)

	term = str_gsub(term, '%%%]', ']')
	term = str_gsub(term, '%%', '')
	term = str_gsub(term, ' ', '')
	
	term = str_gsub(term,
		"㊟(&+)㊟",
		function(ampersands)
			return escaped1[#ampersands]
		end)
	
	term = str_gsub(term, "&&(.-)&&", "%1")
	
	--done
	return term
end

-- An invokable version of "add_ruby_backend"
function export.show_ruby(frame)
	return export.add_ruby_backend(frame.args[1], frame.args[2])
end

-- do the work of Template:ryu-kanji
function export.kanji(frame)
	local pagename = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text
	-- only do this if this entry is a kanji page and not some user's page
	if find(pagename, "[㐀-䶵一-鿯" .. compat_ideo .. "𠀀-𯨟]") then
		local params = {
			grade = {},
			rs = {},
			shin = {},
			kyu = {},
			head = {},
		}
		local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params)
		
		local rs = args["rs"] or require("Module:zh-sortkey").makeSortKey(pagename, "ryu")
		local shin = args["shin"]
		local kyu = args["kyu"]
		local head = args["head"]
		
		local grade_replacements = {
			c = "7",
			n = "8",
			uc = "9",
			r = "0",
		}
		local grade = tonumber(args["grade"])
		grade = grade_replacements[grade] or grade

		local wikitext = {}
		local categories = {}

		local catsort = rs or pagename

		-- display the kanji itself at the top at 275% size
		table.insert(wikitext, '<div><span lang="ryu" class="Jpan" style="font-size:275%; line-height:1;">' .. (args["head"] or pagename) .. '</span></div>')

		-- display information for the grade

		-- if grade was not specified, determine it now
		if not grade then
			grade = export.kanji_grade(pagename)
		end
		
		local in_parenthesis = {}
		local grade_links = {
			[1] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[2] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[3] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[4] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[5] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[6] = "[[w:Kyōiku kanji|grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji]]",
			[7] = "[[w:Jōyō kanji|common “Jōyō” kanji]]",
			[8] = "[[w:Jinmeiyō kanji|“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names]]",
			[9] = "[[w:Hyōgai kanji|uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji]]",
			[0] = "[[w:Radical_(Chinese_character)|Radical]]",
		}
		if grade_links[grade] then
			table.insert(in_parenthesis, grade_links[grade])
		else
			table.insert(categories, "[[Category:Okinawan kanji missing grade|" .. catsort .. "]]")
		end

		-- link to shinjitai if shinjitai was specified, and link to kyujitai if kyujitai was specified

		if kyu then
			table.insert(in_parenthesis, '[[shinjitai]] kanji, [[kyūjitai]] form <span lang="ryu" class="Jpan">[[' .. kyu .. '#Okinawan|' .. kyu .. ']]</span>')
		elseif shin then
			table.insert(in_parenthesis, '[[kyūjitai]] kanji, [[shinjitai]] form <span lang="ryu" class="Jpan">[[' .. shin .. '#Okinawan|' .. shin .. ']]</span>')
		end
		table.insert(wikitext, "''(" .. table.concat(in_parenthesis, ",&nbsp;") .. "'')")

		-- add categories
		table.insert(categories, "[[Category:Okinawan Han characters|" .. catsort .. "]]")
		local grade_categories = {
			[1] = "Grade 1 kanji",
			[2] = "Grade 2 kanji",
			[3] = "Grade 3 kanji",
			[4] = "Grade 4 kanji",
			[5] = "Grade 5 kanji",
			[6] = "Grade 6 kanji",
			[7] = "Common kanji",
			[8] = "Kanji used for names",
			[9] = "Uncommon kanji",
			[0] = "CJKV radicals",
		}
		table.insert(categories, "[[Category:" .. (grade_categories[grade] or error("The grade " .. grade .. " is invalid.")) .. "|" .. (grade == "0" and " " or catsort) .. "]]")

		-- error category
		if not rs then
			table.insert(categories, "[[Category:Okinawan kanji missing radical and strokes]]")
		end

		return table.concat(wikitext, "") .. table.concat(categories, "\n")
	end
end

local grade1_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade1 .. ']')
local grade2_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade2 .. ']')
local grade3_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade3 .. ']')
local grade4_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade4 .. ']')
local grade5_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade5 .. ']')
local grade6_pattern = ('[' .. data.grade6 .. ']')
local secondary_pattern = ('[' .. data.secondary .. ']')
local jinmeiyo_kanji_pattern = ('[' .. data.jinmeiyo_kanji .. ']')
local hyogaiji_pattern = ('[^' .. data.joyo_kanji .. data.jinmeiyo_kanji .. ']')

function export.kanji_grade(kanji)
	if type(kanji) == "table" then
		kanji = kanji.args[1]
	end

	if find(kanji, hyogaiji_pattern) then return 9
	elseif find(kanji, jinmeiyo_kanji_pattern) then return 8
	elseif find(kanji, secondary_pattern) then return 7
	elseif find(kanji, grade6_pattern) then return 6
	elseif find(kanji, grade5_pattern) then return 5
	elseif find(kanji, grade4_pattern) then return 4
	elseif find(kanji, grade3_pattern) then return 3
	elseif find(kanji, grade2_pattern) then return 2
	elseif find(kanji, grade1_pattern) then return 1
	end

	return false
end

function export.new(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args

	local function waapuro_r_to_kana(text)
		return require("Module:typing-aids").replace{"ryu", text}
	end

	local result = args["en"] and ("===Etymology " .. args["en"] .. "===") or "==Okinawan=="
	local hf = args["en"] and "=" or ""

	if args["defs"] then
		result = result .. "\n{{DEFAULTSORT:" .. args["defs"] .. "}}"
	end
	if args["wp"] then
		result = result .. "\n{{wp|lang=ryu" .. (args["wp"] ~= "y" and "|" .. args["wp"] or "") .. "}}"
	end
	wp_count = 2
	while args["wp" .. wp_count] do
		result = result .. "\n{{wp|lang=ryu|" .. args["wp" .. wp_count] .. "}}"
		wp_count = wp_count + 1
	end
	
	if args["swp"] then
		result = result .. "\n{{swp|lang=ryu" .. (args["swp"] ~= "y" and "|" .. args["swp"] or "") .. "}}"
	end
	swp_count = 2
	while args["swp" .. swp_count] do
		result = result .. "\n{{swp|lang=ryu|" .. args["swp" .. swp_count] .. "}}"
		swp_count = swp_count + 1
	end

	text = args[1] ~= "" and args[1] or pagename
	text = gsub(text, "%-", "|")
	text = waapuro_r_to_kana(text)

	local function make_tab(original, yomi)
		output_text = ""
		original = gsub(original, " ", "|")
		original = gsub(original, "%.", "|")
		original = gsub(original, "%^", "")
		if find(original, "<") then
			for word in gmatch(original, "<([^>]+)>") do
				output_text = output_text .. "|" .. word
			end
			yomi = yomi or "k"
		else
			output_text = gsub(original, ">([1-9])", "|k%1=")
			output_text = find(output_text, "|") and "|" .. output_text or false
		end
		yomi = yomi or "o"
		return "\n{{ryu-kanjitab" .. (output_text or "") .. (yomi == "n" and "" or "|yomi=" .. yomi) .. (args["sork"] and "|sort=" .. args["sork"] or sortkey or "") .. (args["r"] and "|r=" .. args["r"] or "") .. (args["kalt"] and "|alt=" .. args["kalt"] or "") .. "}}", yomi
	end
	
	if find(pagename, "[㐀-䶵一-鿌" .. compat_ideo .. "𠀀-𯨟]") or args["kalt"] then
		to_add, yomi = make_tab(text, args["yomi"])
		result = result .. to_add
	end

	if find(text, "<") then
		text = gsub(text, "[<>]", "")
	else
		text = gsub(text, "^[^>|]+>%d+([^>|]+)", "%1")
		text = gsub(text, "|[^>|]+>%d+([^>|]+)", "%1")
		text = gsub(text, "([あかがさざただなはばぱまやらわ])|(あ)", "%1.%2")
		text = gsub(text, "([いきぎしじちぢにひびぴみり])|(い)", "%1.%2")
		text = gsub(text, "([うくぐすずつづぬふむゆる])|(う)", "%1.%2")
		text = gsub(text, "([えけげせぜてでねへめれ])|([えい])", "%1.%2")
		text = gsub(text, "([おこごそぞとどのほぼぽもよろ])|([おう])", "%1.%2")
		text = gsub(text, "|", "")
	end
	
	if args["wpd"] then
		result = result .. "\n{{swp|lang=ryu" .. (args["wpd"] ~= "y" and "|" .. args["wpd"] or "") .. "}}"
	end
	wpd_count = 2
	while args["wpd" .. wpd_count] do
		result = result .. "\n{{swp|lang=ryu|" .. args["wpd" .. wpd_count] .. "}}"
		wpd_count = wpd_count + 1
	end

	if args["pic"] then
		result = result .. args["pic"]
	end
	pic_count = 2
	while args["pic" .. pic_count] do
		result = result .. args["pic" .. pic_count]
		swp_count = pic_count + 1
	end

	local function other(class, title, args)
		local code, i = "", 2
		
		if args[class] then
			code = code .. "\n\n===" .. hf .. title .. hf .. "===\n* {{ryu-l|" .. args[class] .. "}}"

			while args[class .. i] do
				code = code .. "\n* {{ryu-l|" .. args[class .. i] .. "}}"
				i = i + 1
			end
		end

		code = gsub(code, "{{ryu%-l\|([^%|%}]+)[::]", "{{ryu-r|%1|") -- change something like "{{ryu-l|辞典:じてん}}" to "{{ryu-r|辞典|じてん}}"
		code = gsub(code, "{{ryu%-l\|([ぁ-ー ^%%.]+)}}", "{{ryu-r|%1}}") -- change something like "{{ryu-l|じてん}}" to "{{ryu-r|じてん}}"

		return code
	end

	result = result .. other("alt", "Alternative forms", args)

	sortkey = export.script(text) == "Kana" and export.sort(text) or false
	if sortkey and sortkey == "|sort=" .. text then
		sortkey = false
	end

	if args["d"] or args["e"] or args["we1"] or args["yo1"] or args["b"] or args["lb"] or args["c"] or args["co1"] or args["bl1"] or args["pr1"] or args["su1"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "===Etymology===" .. hf .. "\n"
		if args["we1"] then
			result = result .. "{{waei|" .. args["we1"] .. "|" .. args["we2"]
			we_count = 3
			while args["we" .. we_count] do
				result = result .. "|" .. args["we" .. we_count]
				we_count = we_count + 1
			end
			result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			if args["c"] then
				result = result .. ", {{cal|ryu|nocap=y|" .. (args["cl"] or "en") .. (args["c"] and "|" .. args["c"] or "") .. (args["tr"] and "|tr=" .. args["tr"] or "") .. (args["t"] and "||" .. args["t"] or "") .. (args["lit"] and "|lit=" .. args["lit"] or "") .. (args["pos"] and "|pos=" .. args["pos"] or "") .. (args["g"] and "|g=" .. args["g"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			end
			if args["pr1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{pre|ryu|" .. args["pr1"] .. "|" .. args["pr2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["presort"] and "|sort=" .. args["presort"] or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["su1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{suf|ryu|" .. args["su1"] .. "|" .. args["su2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["co1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{af|ryu|" .. args["co1"] .. (args["alt1"] and "|alt1=" .. args["alt1"] or "") .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["co2"] .. (args["alt2"] and "|alt2=" .. args["alt2"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
				co_count = 3
				while args["co" .. co_count] do
					result = result .. "|" .. args["co" .. co_count] .. (args["alt" .. co_count] and "|alt" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["alt" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["tr" .. co_count] and "|tr" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. co_count] and "|pos" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. co_count] and "|t" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. co_count] or "")
					co_count = co_count + 1
				end
				result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["bl1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to a {{blend|ryu|nocap=y|" .. args["bl1"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["bl2"] .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
				bl_count = 3
				while args["bl" .. bl_count] do
					result = result .. "|" .. args["bl" .. bl_count] .. (args["tr" .. bl_count] and "|tr" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. bl_count] and "|pos" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. bl_count] and "|t" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. bl_count] or "")
					bl_count = bl_count + 1
				end
				result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			end
		elseif args["yo1"] then
			result = result .. "{{yoji|" .. args["yo1"] .. "|" .. args["yo2"] .. (args["yo3"] and "|" .. args["yo3"] or "") .. (args["yo4"] and "|" .. args["yo4"] or "") .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["tr3"] and "|tr3=" .. args["tr3"] or "") .. (args["tr4"] and "|tr4=" .. args["tr4"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["pos3"] and "|pos3=" .. args["pos3"] or "") .. (args["pos4"] and "|pos4=" .. args["pos4"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["t3"] and "|t3=" .. args["t3"] or "") .. (args["t4"] and "|t4=" .. args["t4"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["c"] then
			result = result .. "{{cal|ryu|" .. (args["cl"] or "en") .. (args["c"] and "|" .. args["c"] or "") .. (args["tr"] and "|tr=" .. args["tr"] or "") .. (args["t"] and "||" .. args["t"] or "") .. (args["lit"] and "|lit=" .. args["lit"] or "") .. (args["pos"] and "|pos=" .. args["pos"] or "") .. (args["g"] and "|g=" .. args["g"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			if args["pr1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{pre|ryu|" .. args["pr1"] .. "|" .. args["pr2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["presort"] and "|sort=" .. args["presort"] or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["su1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{suf|ryu|" .. args["su1"] .. "|" .. args["su2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["co1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to {{af|ryu|" .. args["co1"] .. (args["alt1"] and "|alt1=" .. args["alt1"] or "") .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["co2"] .. (args["alt2"] and "|alt2=" .. args["alt2"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
				co_count = 3
				while args["co" .. co_count] do
					result = result .. "|" .. args["co" .. co_count] .. (args["alt" .. co_count] and "|alt" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["alt" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["tr" .. co_count] and "|tr" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. co_count] and "|pos" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. co_count] and "|t" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. co_count] or "")
					co_count = co_count + 1
				end
				result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			elseif args["bl1"] then
				result = result .. ", equivalent to a {{blend|ryu|nocap=y|" .. args["bl1"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["bl2"] .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
				bl_count = 3
				while args["bl" .. bl_count] do
					result = result .. "|" .. args["bl" .. bl_count] .. (args["tr" .. bl_count] and "|tr" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. bl_count] and "|pos" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. bl_count] and "|t" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. bl_count] or "")
					bl_count = bl_count + 1
				end
				result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
			end
		elseif args["pr1"] then
			result = result .. "From {{pre|ryu|" .. args["pr1"] .. "|" .. args["pr2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["presort"] and "|sort=" .. args["presort"] or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["su1"] then
			result = result .. "From {{suf|ryu|" .. args["su1"] .. "|" .. args["su2"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["co1"] then
			result = result .. "From {{af|ryu|" .. args["co1"] .. (args["alt1"] and "|alt1=" .. args["alt1"] or "") .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["co2"] .. (args["alt2"] and "|alt2=" .. args["alt2"] or "") .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
			co_count = 3
			while args["co" .. co_count] do
				result = result .. "|" .. args["co" .. co_count] .. (args["alt" .. co_count] and "|alt" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["alt" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["tr" .. co_count] and "|tr" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. co_count] and "|pos" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. co_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. co_count] and "|t" .. co_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. co_count] or "")
				co_count = co_count + 1
			end
			result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["bl1"] then
			result = result .. "{{blend|ryu|" .. args["bl1"] .. (args["tr1"] and "|tr1=" .. args["tr1"] or "") .. (args["pos1"] and "|pos1=" .. args["pos1"] or "") .. (args["t1"] and "|t1=" .. args["t1"] or "") .. "|" .. args["bl2"] .. (args["tr2"] and "|tr2=" .. args["tr2"] or "") .. (args["pos2"] and "|pos2=" .. args["pos2"] or "") .. (args["t2"] and "|t2=" .. args["t2"] or "")
			bl_count = 3
			while args["bl" .. bl_count] do
				result = result .. "|" .. args["bl" .. bl_count] .. (args["tr" .. bl_count] and "|tr" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["tr" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["pos" .. bl_count] and "|pos" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["pos" .. bl_count] or "") .. (args["t" .. bl_count] and "|t" .. bl_count .. "=" .. args["t" .. bl_count] or "")
				bl_count = bl_count + 1
			end
			result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["b"] then
			result = result .. "From {{bor|ryu|" .. (args["bl"] or "en") .. (args["b"] and "|" .. args["b"] or "") .. (args["tr"] and "|tr=" .. args["tr"] or "") .. (args["t"] and "||" .. args["t"] or "") .. (args["lit"] and "|lit=" .. args["lit"] or "") .. (args["pos"] and "|pos=" .. args["pos"] or "") .. (args["g"] and "|g=" .. args["g"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		elseif args["lb"] then
			result = result .. "{{lbor|ryu|" .. (args["lbl"] or "grc") .. (args["lb"] and "|" .. args["lb"] or "") .. (args["tr"] and "|tr=" .. args["tr"] or "") .. (args["t"] and "||" .. args["t"] or "") .. (args["lit"] and "|lit=" .. args["lit"] or "") .. (args["pos"] and "|pos=" .. args["pos"] or "") .. (args["g"] and "|g=" .. args["g"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		else
			result = result .. (args["e"] or
				("From {{der|ryu|" .. (args["dl"] or "en") .. (args["d"] and "|" .. args["d"] or "") .. (args["tr"] and "|tr=" .. args["tr"] or "") .. (args["t"] and "||" .. args["t"] or "") .. (args["lit"] and "|lit=" .. args["lit"] or "") .. (args["pos"] and "|pos=" .. args["pos"] or "") .. (args["g"] and "|g=" .. args["g"] or "") .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"))
		end
		result = result .. (args["e_ref"] and args["e_ref"] or "")
	end

	if not args["nop"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "===Pronunciation===" .. hf .. "\n{{ryu-pron" .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. gsub(text, '%^', '') or "")
		if args["y"] == "n" or yomi == "n" then
			result = result .. ""
		elseif args["y"] and args["y"] ~= "n" then
			result = result .. "|y=" .. args["y"]
		elseif yomi then
			if yomi == "irr" then
			result = result .. "|y=i"
			else
				result = result .. "|y=" .. yomi
			end
		end
		result = result .. (args["acc"] and "|acc=" .. args["acc"] or "") .. (args["acc_ref"] and "|acc_ref=" .. args["acc_ref"] or "")
		acc_count = 2
		while args["acc" .. acc_count] do
			result = result .. "|acc" .. acc_count .. "=" .. args["acc" .. acc_count] .. (args["acc" .. acc_count .. "_ref"] and "|acc" .. acc_count .. "_ref=" .. args["acc" .. acc_count .. "_ref"] or "")
			acc_count = acc_count + 1
		end
		result = result .. (args["dev"] and "|dev=" .. args["dev"] or "") .. (args["devm"] and "|devm=" .. args["devm"] or "") .. "}}"
		if args["hmp"] then
			if yomi and not (yomi == "n" or y == "n") then
				result = result .. "\n** "
			else
				result = result .. "\n* "
			end
			result = result .. (args["hmp"] and "{{hmp|ryu|" .. args["hmp"] or "")
			hmp_count = 2
			while args["hmp" .. hmp_count] do
				result = result .. "|" .. args["hmp" .. hmp_count]
				hmp_count = hmp_count + 1
			end
			result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
		end
	end

	local pos = args[2] ~= "" and args[2] or "n"
	local pos_table = {
		[""] = { "Noun", "noun", true },
		["n"] = { "Noun", "noun", true },
		["s"] = { "Noun", "noun", true, "Verb", "verb-suru" },
		["noun"] = { "Noun", "noun", true },
		["suru"] = { "Noun", "noun", true, "Verb", "verb-suru" },
		["an"] = { "Adjective", "adj", true, "Noun", "noun" },
		["anoun"] = { "Adjective", "adj", true, "Noun", "noun" },
		["v"] = { "Verb", "verb", true },
		["verb"] = { "Verb", "verb", true },
		["vform"] = { "Verb", "verb form", true },
		["verb form"] = { "Verb", "verb form", true },
		["a"] = { "Adjective", "adj", true },
		["adj"] = { "Adjective", "adj", true },
		["adjective"] = { "Adjective", "adj", true },
		["adv"] = { "Adverb", "adverb", false },
		["adverb"] = { "Adverb", "adverb", false },
		["as"] = { "Adverb", "adverb", false, "Verb", "verb-suru" },
		["pron"] = { "Pronoun", "pronoun", false },
		["pronoun"] = { "Pronoun", "pronoun", false },
		["pn"] = { "Proper noun", "proper", false },
		["propn"] = { "Proper noun", "proper", false },
		["proper"] = { "Proper noun", "proper", false },
		["proper noun"] = { "Proper noun", "proper", false },
		["ph"] = { "Phrase", "phrase", true },
		["phrase"] = { "Phrase", "phrase", true },
		["interjection"] = { "Interjection", "interjection", false },
		["intj"] = { "Interjection", "interjection", false },
		["conj"] = { "Conjunction", "conjunction", false },
		["part"] = { "Particle", "particle", false },
		["prep"] = { "Preposition", "preposition", false },
		["suf"] = { "Suffix", "suffix", false },
		["suffix"] = { "Suffix", "suffix", false },
		["pref"] = { "Prefix", "prefix", false },
		["prefix"] = { "Prefix", "prefix", false },
		["prov"] = { "Proverb", "proverb", false },
		["id"] = { "Idiom", "idiom", false },
		["idiom"] = { "Idiom", "idiom", false },
		["adn"] = { "Adnominal", "adnominal", false },
		["adnominal"] = { "Adnominal", "adnominal", false },
	}

	result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "===" .. pos_table[pos][1] .. "===" .. hf .. "\n{{ryu-" .. 
		(not pos_table[pos][3] and "pos|" or "") .. pos_table[pos][2] ..
		(args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. text or "") .. 
		(args["head"] and "|head=" .. args["head"] or "") ..
		(args["cnt"] and "|count=" .. args["cnt"] or "") .. 
		(args["kyu"] and "|kyu=" .. args["kyu"] or "") .. 
		(args["sin"] and "|shin=" .. args["sin"] or "") .. 
		(args["ak"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak"]) or "") .. 
		(args["ak2"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak2"]) or "") .. 
		(args["ak3"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak3"]) or "") .. 
		(args["rom"] and "|rom=" .. args["rom"] or "") .. 
		(args["hh"] and "|hhira=" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["hh"]) or "") .. 
		(args["hk"] and "|hkata=" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["hk"]) or "")

	if pos_table[pos][1] == "Adjective" then
		result = result .. "|infl=" .. (args["infl"] and args["infl"] or "na")
	end

	result = result .. (args["type"] and "|type=" .. args["type"] or "") .. (args["tran"] and "|tr=" .. args["tran"] or "") .. "}}"
	result = result .. "\n\n# " .. (args[3] or "{{rfdef|ryu}}")

	if args["eg"] then
		result = result .. "\n#" .. args["eg"]
	end
	eg_count = 2
	while args["eg" .. eg_count] do
		result = result .. "\n#" .. args["eg" .. eg_count]
		eg_count = eg_count + 1
	end

	if pos_table[pos][1] == "Adjective" then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "====Inflection====" .. hf .. "\n"
		if args["infl"] == "san" or args["infl"] == "さん" then
			result = result .. "{{ryu-san" .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. sub(text, 1, -2) or "") .. "}}"
		else
			result = result .. "{{ryu-na" .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. text or "") .. "}}"
		end
	end

	if pos_table[pos][2] == "verb" then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "====Conjugation====" .. hf .. "\n{{ryu-"
		penul, cons = text, text
		penul, cons = sub(penul, -2, -2), sub(cons, -1, -1)
		penul, cons = export.hira_to_kata(penul), export.hira_to_kata(cons)
		penul, cons = gsub(penul, ".", data.kr), gsub(cons, ".", data.kr)
		penul, cons = sub(penul, -1, -1), sub(cons, 1, 1)
		if cons == "u" then
			cons = ""
		elseif cons == "c" then
			cons = "ts"
		end
		if args["type"] == "2" then
			result = result .. "ichi"
		else
			result = result .. "go-" .. cons .. "u"
		end

		result = result .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. sub(text, 1, -2) or "") .. "}}"
	end

	if pos_table[pos][4] and args[4] ~= "" then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "===" .. pos_table[pos][4] .. "===" .. hf .. "\n{{ryu-" .. pos_table[pos][5] .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. text or "") ..
			(args["head"] and "|head=" .. args["head"] or "") ..
			(args["cnt"] and "|count=" .. args["cnt"] or "") .. 
			(args["kyu"] and "|kyu=" .. args["kyu"] or "") .. 
			(args["sin"] and "|shin=" .. args["sin"] or "") .. 
			(args["ak"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak"]) or "") .. 
			(args["ak2"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak2"]) or "") .. 
			(args["ak3"] and "|" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["ak3"]) or "") .. 
			(args["rom"] and "|rom=" .. args["rom"] or "") .. 
			(args["hh"] and "|hhira=" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["hh"]) or "") .. 
			(args["hk"] and "|hkata=" .. waapuro_r_to_kana(args["hk"]) or "") ..
			(args["type"] and "|type=" .. args["type"] or "") .. (args["tran"] and "|tr=" .. args["tran"] or "") .. "}}\n\n# " .. (args[4] or "{{rfdef|ryu}}")

		if pos_table[pos][4] == "Verb" then
			result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "====Conjugation====" .. hf .. "\n{{ryu-sun" .. (args[1] ~= "" and "|" .. text or "") .. "}}"
		end
	end

	if args["use"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "====Usage notes====" .. hf .. "\n* " .. args["use"]
	end

	result = result .. other("syn", "=Synonyms=", args)
	result = result .. other("ant", "=Antonyms=", args)
	result = result .. other("der", "=Derived terms=", args)
	result = result .. other("rel", "=Related terms=", args)

	if args["dzh"] or args["den"] or args["dko"] or args["dvi"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n" .. hf .. "===Descendants===" .. hf .. "\n" .. (args["dzh"] and "* {{desc|zh|" .. args["dzh"] .. (args["dzhb"] and "|bor=y" or "") .. (args["dzhd"] and "|der=y" or "") .. (args["dzhc"] and "|clq=y" or "") .. "}}" or "")
		if args["dzh"] then
			if args["den"] or args["dko"] or args["dvi"] then
				result = result .. "\n"
			end
		end
		result = result .. (args["den"] and "* {{desc|en|" .. args["den"] .. (args["denb"] and "|bor=y" or "") .. (args["dend"] and "|der=y" or "") .. (args["denc"] and "|clq=y" or "") .. "}}" or "")
		if args["den"] then
			if args["dko"] or args["dvi"] then
				result = result .. "\n"
			end
		end
		result = result .. (args["dko"] and "* {{desc|ko|" .. args["dko"] .. (args["dkob"] and "|bor=y" or "") .. (args["dkod"] and "|der=y" or "") .. (args["dkoc"] and "|clq=y" or "") .. "}}" or "")
		if args["dko"] then
			if args["dvi"] then
				result = result .. "\n"
			end
		end
		result = result .. (args["dvi"] and "* {{desc|vi|" .. args["dvi"] .. (args["dvib"] and "|bor=y" or "") .. (args["dvid"] and "|der=y" or "") .. (args["dvic"] and "|clq=y" or "") .. "}}" or "")
	end
	result = result .. other("ana", "Anagrams", args)
	result = result .. other("also", "See also", args)

	if args["acc_ref"] or args["e_ref"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n===References===\n<references/>"
	end

	if args["cn"] then
		result = result .. "\n\n{{cln|ryu|" .. args["cn"]
	cn_count = 2
	while args["cn" .. cn_count] do
		result = result .. "|" .. args["cn" .. cn_count]
		cn_count = cn_count + 1
	end
		result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
	end
	if args["ct"] then
		result = result .. (args["cn"] and "\n" or "\n\n") .. "{{top|ryu|" .. args["ct"]
	ct_count = 2
	while args["ct" .. ct_count] do
		result = result .. "|" .. args["ct" .. ct_count]
		ct_count = ct_count + 1
	end
		result = result .. (args["defs"] and "" or args["sort"] and "|sort=" .. args["sort"] or sortkey or "") .. "}}"
	end

	if args["k"] then
		result = result .."\n\n----\n\n==Korean==\n{{ko-hanjatab}}\n\n===" .. pos_table[args["kp"] or "n"][1] ..
			"===\n{{ko-" .. pos_table[args["kp"] or "n"][2] .. "|hangeul=" .. args["k"] .. (args["mr"] and "|mr=" .. args["mr"] or "") .. (args["yl"] and "|y=" .. args["yl"] or "") .. "}}" ..
			"\n\n# {{hanja form of|" .. args["k"] .. "|" .. (args["kd"] or args[3]) .. "}}"
	end

	return result
end

return export