„IPA” változatai közötti eltérés
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a Bot: következő hozzáadása: ru:IPA |
A lap tartalmának cseréje erre: {{engröv}} #International Phonetic Alphabet # India pale ale (sörféleség) Címkék: Oldal nagy része eltávolítva blanking |
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1. sor: | 1. sor: | ||
{{engröv}} |
{{engröv}} |
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#[[International Phonetic Alphabet]] |
#[[International Phonetic Alphabet]] |
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# India pale ale (sörféleség) |
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*http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation |
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*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet |
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*http://familientagebuch.de/rainer/2007/38.html#4 |
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*http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?lextype=1&langidx=2&search=persistent |
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==Key== |
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{| style="background:none;" |
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| valign="top" | |
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{| class="IPA wikitable" style="margin: 1em" |
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! IPA !! Examples |
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! colspan="2"| [[Consonant]]s |
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|- |
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| {{API|/p/}} |
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| '''p'''en, s'''p'''in, ti'''p''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/b/}} |
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| '''b'''ut, we'''b''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/t/}} |
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| '''t'''wo, s'''t'''ing, be'''t''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/d/}} |
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| '''d'''o, o'''dd''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/tʃ/}} |
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| '''ch'''air, na'''t'''ure, tea'''ch''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/dʒ/}} |
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| '''g'''in, '''j'''oy, e'''dge''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/k/}} |
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| '''c'''at, '''k'''ill, s'''k'''in, '''q'''ueen, thi'''ck''' |
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| {{API|/ɡ/}} |
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| '''g'''o, '''g'''et, be'''g''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/f/}} |
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| '''f'''ool, enou'''gh''', lea'''f''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/v/}} |
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| '''v'''oice, ha'''ve''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/θ/}} |
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| '''th'''ing, tee'''th''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ð/}} |
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| '''th'''is, brea'''the''', fa'''th'''er |
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|- |
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| {{API|/s/}} |
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| '''s'''ee, '''c'''ity, pa'''ss''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/z/}} |
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| '''z'''oo, ro'''s'''e |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ʃ/}} |
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| '''sh'''e, '''s'''ure, emo'''ti'''on, lea'''sh''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ʒ/}} |
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| plea'''s'''ure, bei'''ge''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/h/}} |
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| '''h'''am, a'''h'''ead |
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|- |
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| {{API|/m/}} |
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| '''m'''an, ha'''m''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/n/}} |
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| '''n'''o, ti'''n''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ŋ/}} |
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| ri'''ng'''er, si'''ng''', si'''n'''k |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ŋɡ/}} |
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| fi'''ng'''er |
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|- |
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| {{API|/l/}} |
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| '''l'''eft, be'''ll''' |
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|- |
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| {{API|/r/}} |
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| '''r'''un, ve'''r'''y<ref>Although the IPA symbol {{API|[r]}} represents a [[alveolar trill|trill]], {{API|/r/}} is widely used instead of {{API|/ɹ/}} in broad transcriptions of English.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{API|/j/}} |
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| '''y'''es |
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|- |
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| {{API|/w/}} |
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| '''w'''e |
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| {{API|/ʍ/}} |
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| '''wh'''at<ref>{{API|/ʍ/}} is found in some dialects, such as [[Scottish English|Scottish]] and [[Southern American English]]; elsewhere it is pronounced the same as {{API|/w/}}.</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan="2" | Marginal consonants |
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| {{API|/x/}} |
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| lo'''ch''', '''Ch'''anukkah<ref>In most dialects, {{API|/x/}} is pronounced as {{API|/k/}} and {{API|/h/}}, respectively, in these two words.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ʔ/}} |
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| uh-oh (/ʌʔoʊ/), Hawaii<ref>Most people pronounce the English word ''Hawaii'' without the {{API|/ʔ/}} (glottal stop) that occurs in the Hawaiian word ''Hawai‘i''.</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan="2" | [[Stress (linguistics)|Stress]] |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ˈ/}} |
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| rowspan="2" | '''in'''to'''na'''tion<br>(/ˌɪntəˈneɪʃən/)<ref>It is arguable that English does not distinguish primary from secondary stress, but it is conventional to notate them as here. Likewise, it is debatable whether a word like ''[[Glennallen, Alaska|Glennallen]]'' is {{API|[glɛˈnælən]}} or {{API|[glɛnˈælən]}}; for clarity, the former is used.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ˌ/}} |
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|} |
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| valign="top" | |
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{| class="IPA wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em" |
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! IPA !! Examples |
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! colspan="2"| [[Vowel]]s |
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| {{API|/ɪ/}} || b'''i'''d, p'''i'''t<ref name=i>American convention is to write {{API|/i/}} when unstressed, as in ''wiki'' {{API|/ˈwɪki/}} and ''serious'' {{API|/ˈsɪriəs/}}; British convention used to be {{API|/ˈwɪkɪ/}} and {{API|/ˈsɪərɪəs/}}, but the [[OED]] and other influential dictionaries recently converted to {{API|/i/}}.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{API|/iː/}} || b'''ea'''d, p'''ea'''t<ref name=i/> |
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|- |
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| {{API|/ɛ/}} || b'''e'''d, p'''e'''t |
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|- |
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| {{API|/æ/}} || b'''a'''d, p'''a'''t |
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| {{API|/ɑː/}} || b'''a'''lm, f'''a'''ther, p'''a''' |
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| {{API|/ɒ/}} || b'''o'''d, p'''o'''t, c'''o'''t |
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| {{API|/ɔː/}} || b'''aw'''d, p'''aw''', c'''augh'''t |
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| {{API|/ʊ/}} || g'''oo'''d, f'''oo'''t, p'''u'''t |
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| {{API|/uː/}} || b'''oo'''ed, f'''oo'''d |
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| {{API|/ʌ/}} || b'''u'''d, b'''u'''tt |
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! colspan="2" | [[Diphthong]]s |
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| {{API|/eɪ/}} || b'''ay''', h'''ey''', f'''a'''te |
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| {{API|/аɪ/}} || b'''uy''', h'''igh''', r'''i'''de, wr'''i'''te |
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| {{API|/aʊ/}} || b'''ough''', h'''ow''', p'''ou'''t |
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| {{API|/ɔɪ/}} || b'''oy''', h'''oy''' |
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| {{API|/oʊ/}} || b'''eau''', h'''oe''', p'''o'''ke<ref>Commonly transcribed as {{API|/əʊ/}} or {{API|/oː/}}.</ref> |
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| {{API|/juː/}} || b'''eau'''ty, h'''ue''', p'''ew''', n'''ew'''<ref>In many dialects, ''dew'' {{API|/djuː/}} is pronounced the same as ''do'' {{API|/duː/}}. This is automatic, and therefore only {{API|/djuː/}} need be shown in a pronunciation guide.</ref> |
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! colspan="2" | [[R-colored vowel]]s<ref>In many dialects, {{API|/r/}} occurs only before vowels. Note that due to American influence, the [[schwa]]s have been left out in many Wikipedia articles. That is, {{API|/ɪər/}} ''etc.'' are not always distinguished from {{API|/ɪr/}} ''etc.'' When they are, the distinction may be transcribed {{API|/iːr/ ~ /ɪr/}} ''etc.'' by analogy with vowels not followed by {{API|/r/}}.</ref> |
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| {{API|/ɪr/}} || m'''irr'''or |
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| {{API|/ɪər/}} || b'''eer''', m'''ere''' |
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| {{API|/ɛr/}} || b'''err'''y, m'''err'''y |
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| {{API|/ɛər/}} || b'''ear''', m'''are''', M'''ar'''y |
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| {{API|/ær/}} || b'''arr'''ow, m'''arr'''y |
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| {{API|/ɑr/}} || b'''ar''', m'''ar''' |
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| {{API|/ɒr/}} || m'''or'''al, f'''or'''age |
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| {{API|/ɔr/}} || b'''or'''n, f'''or''' |
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| {{API|/ɔər/}} || b'''oar''', f'''our''', m'''ore''' |
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| {{API|/ʌr/}} || h'''urr'''y, M'''urr'''ay |
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| {{API|/ʊər/}} || b'''oor''', m'''oor''' |
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| {{API|/ɜr/}} ({{IPA|ɝː}}) || b'''ir'''d, m'''yrrh''', f'''urr'''y |
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! colspan="2" | [[Unstressed and reduced vowels in English|Reduced vowels]] |
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| {{API|/ɨ/}} || ros'''e'''s, busin'''e'''ss (/ˈbɪznɨs/)<ref>Few British dictionaries distinguish this from {{API|/ɪ/}}, though the [[OED]] uses pseudo-IPA symbol {{API|ɪ̵}}.</ref> |
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| {{API|/ə/}} || Ros'''a'''’s, cupp'''a''' (/ˈkʌpə/) |
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| {{API|/ər/}} ({{API|ɚ}}) || runn'''er''',<ref>Similarly {{API|/əl, ən, əm/}} for ''bott'''le''', butt'''on''', rhyth'''m''',''</ref> merc'''er''' (/ˈmɜrsər/) |
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|} |
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|} |
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[[File:IPA chart 2005.png|thumb|350px]] |
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===Megjegyzés=== |
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<references/> |
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[[en:IPA]] |
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[[af:IPA]] |
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[[ast:IPA]] |
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[[bn:IPA]] |
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[[cs:IPA]] |
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[[csb:IPA]] |
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[[de:IPA]] |
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[[dv:IPA]] |
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[[el:IPA]] |
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[[eo:IPA]] |
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[[et:IPA]] |
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[[fi:IPA]] |
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[[fr:IPA]] |
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[[gl:IPA]] |
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[[hr:IPA]] |
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[[it:IPA]] |
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[[ja:IPA]] |
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[[ko:IPA]] |
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[[ku:IPA]] |
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[[lt:IPA]] |
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[[nl:IPA]] |
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[[no:IPA]] |
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[[pl:IPA]] |
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[[pt:IPA]] |
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[[ru:IPA]] |
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[[simple:IPA]] |
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[[sk:IPA]] |
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[[ta:IPA]] |
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[[th:IPA]] |
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[[tr:IPA]] |
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[[zh:IPA]] |