„IPA” változatai közötti eltérés
Tartalom törölve Tartalom hozzáadva
aNincs szerkesztési összefoglaló |
aNincs szerkesztési összefoglaló |
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4. sor: | 4. sor: | ||
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet |
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet |
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*http://familientagebuch.de/rainer/2007/38.html#4 |
*http://familientagebuch.de/rainer/2007/38.html#4 |
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==Key== |
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{| style="background:none;" |
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| valign="top" | |
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{| class="IPA wikitable" style="margin: 1em" |
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! IPA !! Examples |
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! colspan="2"| [[Consonant]]s |
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| {{IPA|/p/}} |
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| '''p'''en, s'''p'''in, ti'''p''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/b/}} |
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| '''b'''ut, we'''b''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/t/}} |
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| '''t'''wo, s'''t'''ing, be'''t''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/d/}} |
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| '''d'''o, o'''dd''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/tʃ/}} |
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| '''ch'''air, na'''t'''ure, tea'''ch''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/dʒ/}} |
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| '''g'''in, '''j'''oy, e'''dge''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/k/}} |
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| '''c'''at, '''k'''ill, s'''k'''in, '''q'''ueen, thi'''ck''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ɡ/}} |
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| '''g'''o, '''g'''et, be'''g''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/f/}} |
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| '''f'''ool, enou'''gh''', lea'''f''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/v/}} |
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| '''v'''oice, ha'''ve''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/θ/}} |
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| '''th'''ing, tee'''th''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ð/}} |
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| '''th'''is, brea'''the''', fa'''th'''er |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/s/}} |
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| '''s'''ee, '''c'''ity, pa'''ss''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/z/}} |
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| '''z'''oo, ro'''s'''e |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ʃ/}} |
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| '''sh'''e, '''s'''ure, emo'''ti'''on, lea'''sh''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ʒ/}} |
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| plea'''s'''ure, bei'''ge''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/h/}} |
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| '''h'''am, a'''h'''ead |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/m/}} |
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| '''m'''an, ha'''m''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/n/}} |
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| '''n'''o, ti'''n''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ŋ/}} |
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| ri'''ng'''er, si'''ng''', si'''n'''k |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ŋɡ/}} |
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| fi'''ng'''er |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/l/}} |
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| '''l'''eft, be'''ll''' |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/r/}} |
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| '''r'''un, ve'''r'''y<ref>Although the IPA symbol {{IPA|[r]}} represents a [[alveolar trill|trill]], {{IPA|/r/}} is widely used instead of {{IPA|/ɹ/}} in broad transcriptions of English.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/j/}} |
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| '''y'''es |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/w/}} |
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| '''w'''e |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ʍ/}} |
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| '''wh'''at<ref>{{IPA|/ʍ/}} is found in some dialects, such as [[Scottish English|Scottish]] and [[Southern American English]]; elsewhere it is pronounced the same as {{IPA|/w/}}.</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan="2" | Marginal consonants |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/x/}} |
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| lo'''ch''', '''Ch'''anukkah<ref>In most dialects, {{IPA|/x/}} is pronounced as {{IPA|/k/}} and {{IPA|/h/}}, respectively, in these two words.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ʔ/}} |
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| uh-oh (/ʌʔoʊ/), Hawaii<ref>Most people pronounce the English word ''Hawaii'' without the {{IPA|/ʔ/}} (glottal stop) that occurs in the Hawaiian word ''Hawai‘i''.</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan="2" | [[Stress (linguistics)|Stress]] |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ˈ/}} |
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| rowspan="2" | '''in'''to'''na'''tion<br>(/ˌɪntəˈneɪʃən/)<ref>It is arguable that English does not distinguish primary from secondary stress, but it is conventional to notate them as here. Likewise, it is debatable whether a word like ''[[Glennallen, Alaska|Glennallen]]'' is {{IPA|[glɛˈnælən]}} or {{IPA|[glɛnˈælən]}}; for clarity, the former is used.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ˌ/}} |
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|} |
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| valign="top" | |
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{| class="IPA wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em" |
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! IPA !! Examples |
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|- |
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! colspan="2"| [[Vowel]]s |
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| {{IPA|/ɪ/}} || b'''i'''d, p'''i'''t<ref name=i>American convention is to write {{IPA|/i/}} when unstressed, as in ''wiki'' {{IPA|/ˈwɪki/}} and ''serious'' {{IPA|/ˈsɪriəs/}}; British convention used to be {{IPA|/ˈwɪkɪ/}} and {{IPA|/ˈsɪərɪəs/}}, but the [[OED]] and other influential dictionaries recently converted to {{IPA|/i/}}.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/iː/}} || b'''ea'''d, p'''ea'''t<ref name=i/> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ɛ/}} || b'''e'''d, p'''e'''t |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/æ/}} || b'''a'''d, p'''a'''t |
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| {{IPA|/ɑː/}} || b'''a'''lm, f'''a'''ther, p'''a''' |
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| {{IPA|/ɒ/}} || b'''o'''d, p'''o'''t, c'''o'''t |
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| {{IPA|/ɔː/}} || b'''aw'''d, p'''aw''', c'''augh'''t |
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| {{IPA|/ʊ/}} || g'''oo'''d, f'''oo'''t, p'''u'''t |
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| {{IPA|/uː/}} || b'''oo'''ed, f'''oo'''d |
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| {{IPA|/ʌ/}} || b'''u'''d, b'''u'''tt |
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! colspan="2" | [[Diphthong]]s |
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| {{IPA|/eɪ/}} || b'''ay''', h'''ey''', f'''a'''te |
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| {{IPA|/аɪ/}} || b'''uy''', h'''igh''', r'''i'''de, wr'''i'''te |
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| {{IPA|/aʊ/}} || b'''ough''', h'''ow''', p'''ou'''t |
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| {{IPA|/ɔɪ/}} || b'''oy''', h'''oy''' |
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| {{IPA|/oʊ/}} || b'''eau''', h'''oe''', p'''o'''ke<ref>Commonly transcribed as {{IPA|/əʊ/}} or {{IPA|/oː/}}.</ref> |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/juː/}} || b'''eau'''ty, h'''ue''', p'''ew''', n'''ew'''<ref>In many dialects, ''dew'' {{IPA|/djuː/}} is pronounced the same as ''do'' {{IPA|/duː/}}. This is automatic, and therefore only {{IPA|/djuː/}} need be shown in a pronunciation guide.</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan="2" | [[R-colored vowel]]s<ref>In many dialects, {{IPA|/r/}} occurs only before vowels. Note that due to American influence, the [[schwa]]s have been left out in many Wikipedia articles. That is, {{IPA|/ɪər/}} ''etc.'' are not always distinguished from {{IPA|/ɪr/}} ''etc.'' When they are, the distinction may be transcribed {{IPA|/iːr/ ~ /ɪr/}} ''etc.'' by analogy with vowels not followed by {{IPA|/r/}}.</ref> |
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| {{IPA|/ɪr/}} || m'''irr'''or |
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|- |
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| {{IPA|/ɪər/}} || b'''eer''', m'''ere''' |
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| {{IPA|/ɛr/}} || b'''err'''y, m'''err'''y |
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| {{IPA|/ɛər/}} || b'''ear''', m'''are''', M'''ar'''y |
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| {{IPA|/ær/}} || b'''arr'''ow, m'''arr'''y |
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| {{IPA|/ɑr/}} || b'''ar''', m'''ar''' |
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| {{IPA|/ɒr/}} || m'''or'''al, f'''or'''age |
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| {{IPA|/ɔr/}} || b'''or'''n, f'''or''' |
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| {{IPA|/ɔər/}} || b'''oar''', f'''our''', m'''ore''' |
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| {{IPA|/ʌr/}} || h'''urr'''y, M'''urr'''ay |
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| {{IPA|/ʊər/}} || b'''oor''', m'''oor''' |
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| {{IPA|/ɜr/}} ({{IPA|ɝː}}) || b'''ir'''d, m'''yrrh''', f'''urr'''y |
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! colspan="2" | [[Unstressed and reduced vowels in English|Reduced vowels]] |
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| {{IPA|/ɨ/}} || ros'''e'''s, busin'''e'''ss (/ˈbɪznɨs/)<ref>Few British dictionaries distinguish this from {{IPA|/ɪ/}}, though the [[OED]] uses pseudo-IPA symbol {{IPA|ɪ̵}}.</ref> |
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| {{IPA|/ə/}} || Ros'''a'''’s, cupp'''a''' (/ˈkʌpə/) |
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| {{IPA|/ər/}} ({{IPA|ɚ}}) || runn'''er''',<ref>Similarly {{IPA|/əl, ən, əm/}} for ''bott'''le''', butt'''on''', rhyth'''m''',''</ref> merc'''er''' (/ˈmɜrsər/) |
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[[Kép:IPA_chart_2005.png|850px]] |
[[Kép:IPA_chart_2005.png|850px]] |
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A lap 2008. február 19., 22:39-kori változata
Angol
International Phonetic Alphabet
- http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet
- http://familientagebuch.de/rainer/2007/38.html#4
Key
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- ↑ Although the IPA symbol Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "[r]" is not valid. represents a trill, Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/r/" is not valid. is widely used instead of Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ɹ/" is not valid. in broad transcriptions of English.
- ↑ Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ʍ/" is not valid. is found in some dialects, such as Scottish and Southern American English; elsewhere it is pronounced the same as Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/w/" is not valid..
- ↑ In most dialects, Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/x/" is not valid. is pronounced as Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/k/" is not valid. and Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/h/" is not valid., respectively, in these two words.
- ↑ Most people pronounce the English word Hawaii without the Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ʔ/" is not valid. (glottal stop) that occurs in the Hawaiian word Hawai‘i.
- ↑ It is arguable that English does not distinguish primary from secondary stress, but it is conventional to notate them as here. Likewise, it is debatable whether a word like Glennallen is Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "[glɛˈnælən]" is not valid. or Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "[glɛnˈælən]" is not valid.; for clarity, the former is used.
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 American convention is to write Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/i/" is not valid. when unstressed, as in wiki Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ˈwɪki/" is not valid. and serious Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ˈsɪriəs/" is not valid.; British convention used to be Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ˈwɪkɪ/" is not valid. and Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ˈsɪərɪəs/" is not valid., but the OED and other influential dictionaries recently converted to Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/i/" is not valid..
- ↑ Commonly transcribed as Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/əʊ/" is not valid. or Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/oː/" is not valid..
- ↑ In many dialects, dew Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/djuː/" is not valid. is pronounced the same as do Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/duː/" is not valid.. This is automatic, and therefore only Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/djuː/" is not valid. need be shown in a pronunciation guide.
- ↑ In many dialects, Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/r/" is not valid. occurs only before vowels. Note that due to American influence, the schwas have been left out in many Wikipedia articles. That is, Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ɪər/" is not valid. etc. are not always distinguished from Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ɪr/" is not valid. etc. When they are, the distinction may be transcribed Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/iːr/ ~ /ɪr/" is not valid. etc. by analogy with vowels not followed by Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/r/" is not valid..
- ↑ Few British dictionaries distinguish this from Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/ɪ/" is not valid., though the OED uses pseudo-IPA symbol Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "ɪ̵" is not valid..
- ↑ Similarly Lua-hiba a(z) Modul:IPA/templates modulban a(z) 23. sorban: Please specify a language code in the first parameter. The value "/əl, ən, əm/" is not valid. for bottle, button, rhythm,