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methanol

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methanol
Space filling model of methanol
Space filling model of methanol
Ball and stick model of methanol
Ball and stick model of methanol
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Methanol[1]
Other names
Carbinol
Columbian spirits
Hydroxymethane
MeOH
Methyl alcohol
Methyl hydrate
Methyl hydroxide
Methylic alcohol
Methylol
Methylene hydrate, primary alcohol
Pyroligneous spirit
Wood alcohol
Wood naphtha
Wood spirit
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1098229
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 200-659-6
449
KEGG
MeSH Methanol
RTECS number
  • PC1400000
UNII
UN number 1230
  • InChI=1S/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3 checkY
    Key: OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3
    Key: OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYAX
  • CO
Properties
CH3OH
Molar mass 32.042 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Faint and similar to ethanol
Density 0.792 g/cm3[2]
Melting point −97.6 °C (−143.7 °F; 175.6 K)
Boiling point 64.7 °C (148.5 °F; 337.8 K)
miscible
log P −0.69
Vapor pressure 13.02 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 15.5[3]
Conjugate acid Methyloxonium[4]
Conjugate base Methanolate[5]
−21.40·10−6 cm3/mol
1.33141[6]
Viscosity 0.545 mPa·s (at 25 °C)[7]
1.69 D
Thermochemistry
725.7 kJ/mol, 173.4 kcal/mol, 5.77 kcal/g
Hazards[8][9]
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Methanol and its vapours are flammable.

Moderately toxic for small animals – Highly toxic to large animals and humans (in high concentrations) – May be fatal/lethal or cause blindness and damage to the liver, kidneys, and heart if swallowed – Toxicity effects from repeated over exposure have an accumulative effect on the central nervous system, especially the optic nerve – Symptoms may be delayed, become severe after 12 to 18 hours, and linger for several days after exposure[10]

GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazard[11]
Danger[11]
H225, H301, H302, H305, H311, H331, H370[11]
P210, P233, P235, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P311, P312, P337+P313, P361, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501[11]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
[8][12]
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
0
Flash point 11 to 12 °C (52 to 54 °F; 284 to 285 K)
470 °C (878 °F; 743 K)[13]

385 °C (725 °F; 658 K)[14]

Explosive limits 6–36%[15]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
5628 mg/kg (rat, oral)
7300 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
12880 mg/kg (rat, oral)
14200 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)[16]
64,000 ppm (rat, 4 h)[16]
33,082 ppm (cat, 6 h)
37,594 ppm (mouse, 2 h)[16]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3)[15]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) ST 250 ppm (325 mg/m3) [skin][15]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 6000 ppm[15]
Safety data sheet (SDS)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Methanethiol
Silanol
Ethanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Főnév

methanol (tsz. methanols)

  1. (gyógyszertan) metanol
  1. ↑  
  2. ↑  
  3. ↑  
  4. ↑ Methyloxonium. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . [2018. december 21-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  5. ↑ Methanolate. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . [2018. december 21-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva]. „Methoxide is an organic anion that is the conjugate base of methanol. ... It is a conjugate base of a methanol.”
  6. ↑ RefractiveIndex.INFO – Refractive index database. refractiveindex.info . [2017. február 23-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  7. ↑  
  8. 1 2 The Emergency Response Safety and Health Database: Systematic Agent: METHANOL. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [2009. április 23-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  9. ↑ PubChem: Safety and Hazards - GHS Classification. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. [2018. augusztus 20-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  10. ↑ Toxicity on PubChem Sablon:Webarchive
  11. 1 2 3 4 Methanol. Lab Chem . Valtech. [2016. március 10-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  12. ↑ Methanol Safe Handling Manual. Methanol Institute , 2017 [2017. december 20-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  13. ↑ Technical Information & Safe Handling Guide for Methanol. Methanex Corporation. [2012. március 11-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  14. ↑ Methanol Safe Handling Manual. Methanol Institute , 2017 [2017. december 20-i dátummal az eredetiből archiválva].
  15. 1 2 3 4 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: #0397. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  16. 1 2 3 Methanol. Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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