Szerkesztő:LinguisticMystic/san

A

a/an usually omit, kas tit, ko  >pi, ekah 
abandon ha, vi + ha; abandoned ujjhita (p.p. of ujjh) 
abide as 
able, be —(to) sak 
about ^concerning) prati; 
about this (:on this matter)  atra 
absent-minded sfinya;hrdaya 
abundance bahutyam 
accept grah, pari + grab, prati +  grah, aAgrkr 
acceptance parigrahah 
acclamation prasams>-alapah 
accompany anu + vrt 
accomplished siddha 
accomplishment (:act of achieving) siddhi f.; (technical ability) silpam 
accord, of one’s own — svayam 
according to -vat 
accursed hatakah ifc. 
acknowledge abhi + upa + i 
acquire 3 + gam caus. 
act (:do) anu + sth3 
act (a play) nat caus. 
acting (:doing) k3rin 
acting (in play) nrttam; science  of acting n3tya-s3stram 
activity kriy3 
actual use eva 
actually eva 
address abhi + dha 
administration tan tram 
admit prati + pad 
adored one priyatama 
advantage phalam 
advice upadesah 
affair karyam 
affection pranayah 
after parena + abl.; use absol 
after very long aticirdt 
after all khalu 
afterwards pasc3t 
again punar; yet again punar api 
agent pranidhi m. 
agitation samvegah 
ah! aye 
aiding upakirah 
alas! hanta, kastam 
alight, set — ut + dip caus.  (uddipayati) 
alive jivita 
all sarva pron.; on all sides sarvatah; at all eva; after all  khalu 
allusion upany3sah 
alone eka; (solitary) ek3kin 
already prathamam, pttrva in  cpd. with p.p., sometimes just  eva 
also api enclitic 
altercation samgharsah 
although api 
among, from — madhy3t + gen.  or ifc. 
amorous swoon madanamttrch3 
and ca enclitic, ca . . . ca;  connecting two verbs,  usually expressed by absol.-, connecting sentences, often  expressed by api after new  subject 
anger krodhah, kopah, manyu  m. 
announce ni + vid caus. 
announcing nivedanam 
annoyance pratyav3yah 
another anya, para 
answer prativacanam 
ant पिपीलिका (pipīlikā)
anxiety saAkS 
anxious to ±k3ma 
any kas cit, ko >pi 
anyone kas tit, ko >pi; (:no  matter who) sarvah 
apart from an tar en a + acc. 
appearance varnah 
appease (rquieten) sam cause.-,  (curry favour with) 3 + radh  caus. 
appeasement anunayah 
appointment samketah 
apprehension 3saAk3 
appropriate, to — svl~kr 
appropriate utita; 
appropriate(ly) sth3ne 
approve abhi + nand 
army (:forces) बलं (balaṃ) 
arouse (:bring about) jan caus.-, 
aroused janita, samj3ta 
arrival 3gamanam 
arrive 3 + gam, pra + 3p 
arrow tenah, sarah 
as (:like) iva; introducing subordinate clause yath3 . . . tath3;  in cpd. yath3 
as if use iva 
as soon as yad» aiva . . . tad*  aiva 
as well (:also) api 
ascetic tlpasah, tapasvin 
ascetics’ giove tapo-vanam 
ashamed vilaksa 
ask (about) prach (+ acc.) 
asleep supta 
assistant in gambling-house sab-  hyah 
assume (role) grah 
assuredly hi 
astonished vismita 
astonishment vismayah 
at use loc. 
at all eva 
at once sampratam 
attachment piasakd f. 
attack (of emotion) Svesah; (on  enemy) abhiyogah 
attempt prayatnah 
attend anu + gam 
attendance upasthanam 
attendant anucarah 
attentive avahita 
attractive ramanlya 
audience pari$ad f. 
augmented sambhna 
aunt (maternal) matr-svasr 
austerity (religious-) tapas n. 
autumn sarad f. 
avoid pari + hr 

B

bad news a:priyam 
bakula (blossom) bakulam 
banish nis + vas caus. 
bank tlram 
barb salya m./tt. 
barbarian mlecchah 
bard (royal—) vaitilikah 
battle समरः (samaraḥ) 
be as, bhii; (be currently) vrt 
bearing dh&rin 
beat tad 
beat off apa-fhan 
beating t&dah 
beautiful sobhana 
beauty sobha, rfipam 
because use instr. or abl. of abstract noun ; (:with the thought that) iti 
become bh& (in past samvrtta),  or use verb of motion with abstract noun 
become an object visayI~bbQ 
bedchamber sayana-grham 
before ( previously) priik; in cpd. with p.p. pOrva 
before (conj.) yavat na . . . tavat 
begin (:undertake) sam + a + rabh, (:make a start) upa +  kram 
beginning Srambhah 
behalf, on — of -artham 
behave cest, a + ceft; (:deal  with) vi + ava + hr 
belief pratyayah 
believe srad + dha 
beloved priya, vallabha; beloved  wife pranayini 
bend down ava + nam 
beneath adhasfit + gen. 
benefit priyam 
besieging nparodhanam 
beside asanna, -samipe 
bestow pra + da (+ dat.) 
betel tambOlam; betel-box  tambOia-bhajanam 
beyond vihaya 
bird patatrin, paksin 
birth janman birth-ceremony jata-karman n. 
bit chedah 
blame upa + a + labh 
blessing madgalam 
blind andha 
bliss nirvanam 
blossom ut + svas 
blossom kusumam 
boast slagh (I slaghate) 
body sariram, vigrahah, gatram 
bodyguard, provide a — for  pari + vj (V parivraoti) + acc. 
bondage bandhanam 
book pustakam 
bom of Sakuntala Sakuntaleya 
both (adj.) ubha; both . . . and  . . . ca . . . ca 
bow <3pa mJrt., karmukam 
bower mandapa mJrt. 
box bhandam 
boy balah 
brahmin brahman ah 
bravo! $adhu 
breast liras n. 
breeze piavStam 
bride vadhB 
bridegroom varah; bride and  groom varayvadhfi 
bright sobhana 
bring a + ni, a + da; bring to a  pass avastbam gam cans. 
bring up (chariot) upa + stha  caus. 
broken bhagna 
brother bhratr 
brother-in-law syalah 
burn dah 
busy vyagra 
busy oneself on abhi + yuj pass.  + loc. 
but punar enclitic, tu enclitic,  kim tu; but then athavi 
buy kri 
by normally use instr.; by (virtue  of doing something) use pres,  part. 

C

call (:summon) a + hve 
called (:named) use nama ‘by  name’ or ;naman 
camp ni + vis 
can use salq sometimes not  necessary to translate 
cancellation pratisedhah 
capture grah 
careful s>_avadhlna 
carriage ptavahanam 
carry off apa + hr 
case, in that — tarhi, ten a hi,  yady evam 
cast ni + ksip 
cause (to) use caus. 
cause hetu m. 
ceremony samskarah 
certain, a — kasdt, ko >pi 
certainly khalu 
change parin&mah 
character sll am 
chariot rathah 
chase away vi + dru caus. 
check prati + sidh 
chieftain raj an m. 
child balah; dear child vatsah 
childless amapatya 
circumstances da& 
citizen paurah 
city nagaram, puram 
clamour kobhalah 
clean suci 
clearly vyaktam 
clever nipuna 
clod of earth lofta mJn. 
come i + gam, upa + gam, upa +  i, i + ya, sam + i + gam 
come! (imperv.) ehi 
come in pra + vis 
comfort a + svas caus. 
command sam + dis 
command $3sanam samdesah,  3jna 
common prtkrta 
company, in the — of -sameta 
compassion, feel — day (I day-  ate) 
compassionate krpalu 
complacent subhagammanya 
complete sam + 3p 
complete with sa_ 
conceal I + chad (X accha-  dayati) 
concealed antarita 
concealment pracchadanam 
conceive pari + kip cans. 
concern cinta 
conclusion avasanam 
condemned vadhya 
condition (:state) avastha 
conduct caritam 
confer (on) prati + pad caus. +  dot. 
confidence, inspiring of — vis-  vasanlya 
confident, make — prati + i caus. 
confirmation pratipatti f. 
conflict vimardah 
confused akula 
confusion, in — akuli~bhQta 
congratulate use distya vrdh or  its caus. (see Chapter $) 
conjecture tarkah 
connive at (:overlook) npa + 
course gati f. 
course, of — lchalu enclitic 
court raja-kulam 
courtesan ganika 
crag silS-cayah 
creak vi + rn (H virauti) 
create nis + ma (p.p. nirmita) 
creeper lad 
crime dofah 
crowd of people jana-  padasamavayah 
cruel d&runa 
cruelty क्रौर्यं (krauryaṃ), क्रौर्य (kraurya)
cry a + krand (I akrandati) 
cry out ut + ghus 
cunning satha 
curiosity kutfihalam, kautukam 
curlew krauncali 
curse sapah 
conquer ji 
conscious of -vedin 
consciousness samjna 
consecrated abhimantrita 
consider ava + gam, cint (X dn-  tayati) 
considerable gariyams 
contemporary vartamana 
contemptuous avamanin 
contrive [:bring about] ut + pad  caus. 
control, under one’s own—  svadhina 
convent vibarah 
conversant with abhijna + gen. 
conversation samlapah 
convey pra + 3p caus. 
cool sitala 
coral-tree mandarah 
correctly samyak 
council parisad f. 
counsellor sadvah 
counter-measures, take — prati +  vi + dha 
country desah 

D

dance nrt 
danger bhayam 
dare ut + sah 
darkness tamas n. 
daughter kanya, suta, duhitr 
day divasah; by day diva 
dead mrta 
dear priya, vallabha; dear child 
vatsah/vats3; my dear X (voc.) 
use sakhe m./sakhi /; my dear 
fellow bhadra; dear Rama 
Rama:bhadrah 
death mrtyu tn. 
debtless anyna 
decayed jirna 
deceive vi + pra + labh 
declare a + calcs (II acaste), but 
normally a + khy3 outside pres, 
stem 
decoration bhQsaqam 
decrepit jirna 
deed karman n. 
deer mrgah 
defeat ji 
defeat parajayah 
defile dus earn. 
deity devata 
delay kala-haranam kr, 3s 
delight har$ah; (delightful 
event) utsavah 
delighted prahrsta 
delightful subhaga 
deluded mQdha 
demerit do§ah 
demon asurah 
denounce apa + dis 
depart ut + ha, apa + yi 
departure prasthanam 
depict abhi + likh 
depressed, feel — durmanayate 
descendant of use vrddhi deriv- 
ative 
describe varnayati; as described 
yath»_okta 
desert pari + tyaj 
desirable kanta 
desire prarthitam, prarthana 
despatch pra + hi (p.p. prahita) 
despise ava + jfia 
despondency vaimanasyam 
destiny vidhi m. 
destroying vadhah 
destruction vinSsah 
determination niscayah 
devoid sflnya 
die upa + ram 
different anya pron, 
difficult dus;kara; difficult (to 
achieve) dur;labha 
diligence abhiyogah 
diligent abhiyukta 
direct a + dis 
direction dis f.; in one— ... in 
another anyatah . . . anyatah 
disaffection aparSgah 
disappointment visadah 
discern sam + vi + jfia, upa + 
laks (X upalaksayati) 
disciple antevasin 
discover vid, pari + jfia 
discrimination vivekah 
disgrace, in — $a_oikiram 
disguise vyanjanam 
disinclined paranmukha 
disloyalty aparagah 
dismiss vi + srj earn. 
dispersal (of crowd) bhafigah 
dispute vivadah 
distance, at a good — from 
atidbre + gen. 
distinction visesah 
distract (pleasurably) vi + nud 
cans. 
distracted (:crazed) unmatta 
distress arti f.; distress of mind 
dtta-khedah 
distress, be in — duhkham stha, 
duhkham as 
distressed viklava 
disturb akulayati 
do lqr, anu + stha, a + car; 
sam + a + car 
do violence to abhi + druh 
doctor vaidyah 
don pari + dha Ztm. 
donate nis + vap 
done, have — with krtam + 
instr. 
don’t use alam, or na + ger. 
door dvaram, kapatam 
doubt samdehah, vitarkah 
draw a + krs 
draw near prati + a + sad 
dreadful atidaruna, anista 
drink pa 
drink pan am 
drinking -pa ifc. 
drive use nl with abstract noun 
driver sarathi m. 
driving away apanodanam 
dweller -sad 
dynasty vamsah 

E

each other anyonya 
eager utsuka 
ear karnah 
earlier pOrva pronom. 
earth prthivi, bhfl f. 
easy sulabha 
eclipse upar&gah 
effect kr 
either ... or . . . va . . . va 
elder jyayams; elder (person)  guru m. 
elder brother jyayams bhratr,  agrajah 
elephant gajah 
else anya prow.; somewhere 
else anyatra kv> dpi 
embarrassing lajja-kara 
embrace pari + svaj (I parisva-  jate) 
emerge nis + kram 
employ pra + yuj, vi + a + pf  caus. 
enclosure vaiaya tn./n., vatika 
end antah; to what end?  kunmimittam; an end of krtam  + instr. 
enemy ripu m. 
engage ni + yuj 
engrossed vyagra 
enjoin vi + dha 
enjoy pari + bhuj, (experience)  anu + bhfi 
enough alam 
enrage candl~kr 
enter pra + vis 
enter upon (vow) sam + a + ruh 
entering pravesah 
enterprise arambhah 
entire nikhila 
entirely eva 
entry pravesah 
epithet visesanatpadam 
escape apakramanam 
escort annyatrikah 
especially -tara 
establish stha cans. 
even api enclitic 
ever kadadt 
every sam prow, 
everyone (of a number) sarve  (p/.); (in general) sarvah (sg.) 
everything sarvam 
evil papa 
evil-natured dur^tman 
Excellency, His/Your aryah 
excessively ati prefix 
execution-ground vadhyastha-  nam 
executioner ghatakah 
exertion parisramah 
exhausted parisranta 
exploits caritam 
extermination unmOlanam 
extraordinary adbhuta 
extremely ati prefix 
eye netram, nayanam, caksus  n., locanam 

F

face mukham, vaktram 
fact, in — eva; from the fact 
that yatha . . . tatha 
faint moham upa + gam 
fair-eyed su;nayana 
fall pat, ni + pat; (to one’s lot)  upa + nam 
fall silent t&$nim as 
falling nipatah 
fame yasas n. 
familiar abhyasta 
family kulam, anvayah,  kutiunbanj; (imembers of immediate household) grha-janah 
far away (hire 
fast to death amasanena sam +  stha dim. 
fate daivam 
father pitr; (one’s own) tatah 
father-in-law svasurah 
fault dosah 
favour anu + grah 
favour prasadah 
favourable anuk&la 
fearful trasta 
fearfulness bhiru'tvam 
fearing saAlrin 
fellow batu m.; good fellow,  dear fellow bhadrah 
festival mahotsavah 
fetch down (from carriage) ava +  tf cans. 
fetching iharanam 
few, a — use kascit 
field ksetram 
fierce ugra 
filament kesaram 
find adhi + gam 
find out upa + labh 
finger aAguli/aAgull f. 
fire agni tn., analah, vahni m. 
fired, cause to be — dah cans. 
firewood samidh f. 
firmness dhairyam 
first prathama 
fixed (on) -isakta 
flame jvala 
flesh mimsam 
flow abhi + syand 
flower puspam, kusumam 
fly up ut + pat, ut + di (uddi) 
folk janah 
follow anu + gam 
follower inuyitrikah 
fondness priti f. 
food bhojanam, bhaktam 
fool mOrkhah 
foot padah 
for (prep.) use gen.; (a period of 
time) use acc.; for (the sake of) -arthant or use dat. 
for ( cottj .) hi enclitic 
for oneself (:of one’s own accord)  svayam 
forcibly balat 
ford tirtham 
forest vanam, aranyam, vipinam 
forest-dweller vanecarah 
forget vi + smr 
forgive ksam (pass, ksamyate) 
form vapus n. 
former puratana (f. 1) 
forsooth ldla 
forth, and so — xadi 
fortime bhagyam 
forward anu + pra + is cans.  (anupresayati) 
four चतुर् (catur)
free muc 
free from nis prefix 
freedom (:scope) prasarah 
friend vayasyah, mitram, suhrd  m., sakhi m. (voc. sakhe); (female) friend sakhi, (= pi.)  sakhltjanah 
friend’s wife sakhi 
friendship sakhyam 
frivolous cancala 
from use abl.; from  what/where? kutah; from  someone kutas cit 
front, in —of agratah + gen.,  -samaksam 
fruit phalam 
fruitful sa_phala 
fruitless, make — viphalrtcr 
fulfil pr caus. 
Full Moon Festival Kaumudlma-  hotsavah 
further bbQyams 

G

gain labh 
gale nabhasvant m. 
gallery vlthika, sila 
game krl^ 
gaming master sabhikah 
Gandharva Gandharvah; 
Gandharva rite Gandharva  vidhi m. 
garden udySnam 
garland mala 
garment visas n. 
gaze drs 
gaze drsti f. 
gem ratnam 
generally prayena 
get labh; get (done) use earn. 
get up ut + stha ($ lost between  the t and th — e.g. p.p. utthita) 
girl kanya, kanyaka 
give da 
give up tyaj 
giving danaqi 
glory sri 
go gam, ya 
go against ati + kram 
go back ni + vrt 
go in(to) pra + vis 
god surah, devah 
God of Love Manmathah,  Kusumayudhah 
goddess देवी (devī) 
going gamanam 
gold suvarnam, hem an n. 
good sadhu, (friend) hita, (in  voc .) bhadra; (rprosperity)  sreyas n. 
good fellow bhadrah 
good man surjanah 
good woman (voc.) bhadre 
gotra gotram 
grandson dauhitrah 
grant pra + yam 
granted that kamam 
grasp grah 
great mahant 
greatness mahiman m. 
greet (person) abhi + vad caus.  Otm.; (thing) abhi + nand 
grief sokah 
grieve sue 
groom see bridegroom 
ground bhfimi f.\ (:cause) hetu  m. 
guard raks 
guest atithi m. abhySgatah 
guide, someone to — nett 

H

ha! ayi, hanta, ah 
half Innrrionl ardhah 
hand, hand over sam + r caus.,  r caus. 
hand hastah, pani m. 
hand, at — asanna 
handmaid ajfiakari 
happen: what happens/has hap pened etc. vrttantah 
happiness sukham 
hard to attain duriadhigama 
hard to win durjlabha 
harem अन्तःपुर (antaḥpura)
harlot वेश्या (veśyā)
harsh visama 
hate dvif 
have use gen. with verb mean ing ‘ be ' — usually as, sometimes bha or vrt; have (something done) use caus. 
having use bahuvrihi, suffixes  vant/mant, sa, etc. 
hawker pan&yitt 
he, him etc. sah, ayam, enam,  esah, asau or omit 
head siras n. 
heap r8si m. 
hear sru 
heart hrdayam, citttam 
heat atapah 
heavens, thank — distya 
hell naraka mJn. 
helpful upakarin 
helpless paravasa 
here a era, iha, or use esah,  ayam; over here itah 
hereditary pitr-paryay>~3gata 
herewith use esah 
hermitage asramah, asrama-  padam 
hero vlrati 
hesitation amadhyava&yah 
high-soaring utsarpin 
highest (.-most excellent) para-  rdhya 
Highness, your/His — kumarah 
hindrance vighnah, antar§yah 
hint at upa + ksip 
his tasya etc.; his (own) sva 
hither and thither itas tatah 
ho, ho there! bhoh 
hold on to ava + lamb 
hole chidram 
homage namas n. 
home grbam, avasathah 
honey-bee (female) madhukari 
honour (request etc.) man  catts.; (:do honour to) puras +  kr, p&j (X pOjayati get. p&jya) 
Honour, His/Your — ary ah; 
His Honour here atrabhavant 
honourable Srya 
hope a + sams (I asamsate); I 
hope kacdd [particle ) 
hope §3 
horse asvah 
hospitality satkarah 
hostile (:adverse) pradkola 
house grham, geham 
household suddhantah, ganah 
how? katham; in exclamations  use aho 
however punar enclitic 
human flesh mahatmamsam 
huntsman vyadhah 
hurry tvar atm. 
husband, lawful — sahadhar-  macarin 
husband and wife dampatl  (du.) 

I

I aham 
idiot mfidhah 
idea, sit— ut+as 
if yadi, cet enclitic ; if only! api  nama 
ignoble andrya 
ignorant amabhijna 
ill-disposed to vimukha + gen. 
ill omen durtnimittain 
imagine sam + bhfi cans. 
immediately amantaram, sadya  eva; immediately upon -anan-  taram eva 
imminent bh§vin 
impairment saithilyam 
important thing pradhanam 
in use loc., sometimes adverb in  -tra; (being) in -gata; having  (with)in igarbha; in . . . ing  often use pres. part. 
inclination abhiprtyah 
incline pra + vrt 
including urlkrtya + acc. 
inconvenience use dosah 
increase vrdh caus. 
indeed khalu enclitic 
indicate upa + dis 
indicating nivedaka 
inevitably niyatam 
inferiority Ughavam 
inflammatory samdipana 
inform ni + vid caus. * dat./gen. 
ingratitude krtaghna~ta 
inscrutable adntya 
instigation to rebellion upajapah 
instructed siksita 
instructions Sdesah 
intact, keep — pari + pal 
intelligence buddhi f. 
intention abhiprayah 
interest kut&halam 
interval antaram 
intimacy visrambhah 
intoxication madah 
introduce (into) pra + vis caus.,  upa + ni + acc. 
invade upa + rudh 
invite upa + ni + mantr (X up-  animantrayati) 
irritability duhslla~ta 
it sah, ayam, enam, esah, asau  (usually in n.) 
its tasya etc. 

J

jackal $n$lah 
jewel abharanam 
join ghat caus. (ghatayati) 
joined hands anjali m. 
joke parih&sah 
juncture antaram; at this junc- 
ture atr> an tare 
just eva enclitic (: merely ) 
c.matra; (I’ll) just . . . fivat enclitic, yivat 

K

kill vi + a + pad cause, have  (.■cause to be) killed ghatayati 
killing vinasah 
king r&jan m. (ifc. -rajah),  nrpah 
king of Videha Vaidehah 
kingdom राज्य (rājya)
kinsman bandhu m. 
know jfia, vid, ava + gam; know  how to jna

L

lack of use ai/am 
lady, noble lady SkryS; this lady atrabhavati; that lady tatrabha-  vatl 
lake sarasl 
lamp dipika 
lapse skhalanam 
later; some time — kasya cit  kalasya 
laugh हस् (has) (I हसति (hasati)) 
Lavanaka, (being) at — Lav8-  naica adj. 
law, sacred — dharmah 
lay 2 + ruh cans. 
lead ni 
learn vid, ava + gam 
learned in the sacred law  dharma-vit 
leave tyaj, pari + tyaj 
leave, give — anu + jfia 
-less nis_, a;/an; 
let use imperv., sometimes indicative 
let alone kini punar 
let go muc 
letter lekhah, pattrika, pattram 
licked avalidha 
life jlvitam, prana m. pi. 
like, I should — to icchami 
like use iva, ~vat, sadrsa (f. i) +  instr. 
limb afigam 
line pa&kti f. 
listen (to) sru 
listen, someone to — srotr 
little while muhurta mJn. 
live (:be alive) jiv; (tdwell) vas,  prati + vas, ni + vas 
long d&ra; (for) a long way  dbram; for a long time dram 
long, after very — addrat 
long, at — last cirat 
long-lived ayusmant 
look (at) dm; look upon iks 
looking after upasamgrahah 
loose vi + muc 
lord pati m., adhipad m. 
loss of place sthana-bhramsah 
lotus pundarikam 
loudly उच्चैः (uccaiḥ)
love (:fondness) snehah, (:devo-  tion) anuragah, (.-passion) man-  mariiah 
Love (god of-) Manmathah,  Kusumayudhah, Makara-  dhvajah 
love, be in — with utkanthate,  kam earn. 
loved one istatjanah 
lovely ramaniya, manohara 
low (:mean) ksudra

M

madam (voc.) bhadre 
magnanimous mah»^tman 
maid servant paricarika 
maintain (fire) a + dha 
Majesty, Her/Your — dev! 
Majesty, His/Your — devah,  ayusmant 
make kjr, ut + pad caus. 
maker lcartr 
man narah, purusaig (tperson)  janah 
manage vi + dhl; manage to 
use katham cit - 
mango-tree cfitah 
manoeuvre cesta 
many bahu 
mark laksanam 
marriage dara-karman n. 
marry vah 
mass samghatah 
master svSmin m. 
matching samvadah 
mating yugma-carin (‘going in a  pair’) 
matter vastu n. 
me mam etc. 
meaning arthah 
means upayah 
measure m2 (caus. mSpayad) 
measure pramanam 
medicine ausadham 
meditating dhyinam 
meditation samadhi m. 
meet sam + a + sad caus.;  (•.receive) prati + ut + gam 
meeting samSgamah 
melancholy udvigna 
memory smrti f. 
mendicant ksapanakah 
mental turmoil vikarah 
merchant sresthin m. 
mere ^matra, eva 
merit gunah; of merit  guna~vant 
milk ksiram 
mind manas attain, cetas n.,  hrdayam 
mine, of mine say ‘of me, my’ 
minister amatyah 
mirage mrgatrsnika 
misconduct apacarah 
misdeed akaryam 
misfortune vyasanam 
mishap pramadah 
mislead vi + pra + labh 
mission prayojanam 
mistress svamini, isvari 
moment mubfirta mJn. 
money dhanam 
monster nrsamsah 
moon candrah 
moonlight candrika 
morning (:of the — ) adj. prage-  tana (f. t) 
mother janani, amba (voc.  amba), matr 
motion, in — pracalita 
mountain, parvatah, sailah,  acalah 
mouth vadanam 
murder vi + i + pad caus. 
must use ger. in tavya 
mutual (:of etc. each other) 
itaretara- 
my madlya, or say ‘of me’, or 
omit 
my own sva; of my own accord 
svayam 
myself reflexive atman; (:me)  use aham 

N

name nSman n., nSmadheyam 
natural sulabha, (:innate) sa- 
habhQ 
nature prakrti f., atman m. 
necklace mala 
negligent pramatta 
neutral madhyastha 
never na kadadt 
news vrttantah, pravrtti f. 
night, by — ratrau 
no use na or a: 
noble arya, atyudira 
noise sabdah 
normal udta 
not na, a:; A not B A na tu B 
nothing na kim dt 
notice laics (X laksayad) 
now (:at the present time)  adhuna, idanlm, samprati;  (connective) atha, yavat, tavat 
numerous prabhflta, mahAnt 
nymph apsaras f. 

O

object (:province) visayah 
observe ni + sam caus. 
obstacle vighnah 
obstruct ni + rudh 
obtain ava + Ap 
obviously n&nam 
occasion avasarah, s than am 
occupation vyApArah 
occupy adhi + as 
occur jan 
ocean sAgarah 
of use gen., vrddhi derivative, 
bahuvrihi cpd. etc. 
offend against apa + radh + gen. 
(p.p. aparaddha) 
office adhikArah 
often bahusah 
oh! ha, aye, bhoh, ayi 
on use loc on . . . ing use 
absol. or loc. of verbal noun 
once use pGrva; once more 
punar apt 
one eka pron.; (:a person) use 
impersonal construction 
only eva, ; mAtra 
open (letter) ut + vesj caus. 
opportune avasare 
opportunity avasarah 
oppress pid 
or va enclitic, (:nor) va na 
ornament Abharanam, alam- 
karanam, bhflsanam 
other anya, para; and other(s) 
;adi 
otherwise anyatfaa 
out; of ours say ‘of us’ 
out of use abl. 
outcaste svapAkah 
outcome parinAmah, vijrmbhi- 
tam 
outside bahih 
over here itah 
overcome parita 
overlook mrs caus. 
overtures (:insdgadon to rebel* 
lion) upajApah 
own, my/your etc. — sva, At- 
manah; make one’s own svi~kr 
paint a + likh 
painter citrakarah 
pair yugalam 
palace rAja-kulam; SugaAga 
Palace SugAAga.-prAsAdah 
pang vedanA; pangs of love 
m anma ttp- Anmathah 
pardon mrs (IV mfsyati) 
parents pitr du. 
park udyAnam 
part uddesah; for (someone’s) 
part use api 
partial paksapAtin 
particle avayavah 
partisan paksapAtin 
pass avasthA, dasA 
pass over ad + kram 
passion abhiiAsah 
past atita 
past, present and future 
trikAlam 
path -pathah 
peak sAnu m. 
people janah 
perceive ava + lok (X avalokay- 
ad) 
perform (:do) anu + sthA; (a 
play) pra + yuj 
performance prayogah 
perfume vas 
persistence (adherence) anuband- 
hah 
person janah; (:body) 
sariram;deha mJn. 
personalty svayam eva 
peddon pra + arth (X prArtha- 
yate) 
picking avacayah 
picture citram 
piety dharmah 
pity anu + lamp 
place ni + ksip 
place desah, sthlnam, pradesah 
place of sacrifice agnihotra- 
saranam 
plan samkalpah 
play a role bhfimikam kr Atm. 
pleasant ramanlya, priya 
pleasure sukham 
pluck out ut + hr 
poet kavi m. 
point, what - in? kim + instr. 
poison vi$am 
poisoner tiksna:rasa-dah 
ponder vi + car cause. 
pool tirtham 
poor, poor fellow [pityingly ) 
tapasvin; poor girl vardki 
poor material adravyam 
portrait alekhyam 
possessed of - upapanna 
possessions parigrahah 
possessor of ~mant 
possible upapanna 
power prabhavah; have power 
over pra + bhfi + gen. 
practise (cruelty) pra + yuj, 
(austerities) car 
praise stu 
prayer japah 
preceptor upSdhy&yah 
prelude prastivah 
presence, to the— of -sakasam; 
in the — of pratyaksam + gen. 
present samnihita 
present pratigrahah 
present with prati + pad cam. + 
double acc. 
pretence apadesah 
previously pQrva ifc. 
prince kumirah 
princess raja-putrl 
prisoner bandhana-sthah 
prize (rvalue highly) abbi + 
nand 
proceed ut + cal 
procession yatra 
proclaim ut + ghus cam.-, (:de- 
clare authoritatively) 3 + dis 
proclamation, after — prakhya- 
pya (lit. ‘having proclaimed’) 
procure ava + gam cam. 
proficiency prSvinyam 
promised pratisruta 
proper yukta 
protea raks, pari trai, pari + 
p3l; (someone) to protea (one) 
tr3tr 
provide upa + kr 
punishment dandah 
pupil sifyah, sisya 
purse-proud artha-matta 
pursue anu + sr 
put to shame prati +a + dis 

Q

quality gunah 
quantity samcayah 
queen rSjbi (as title) devi 
quickly 3su 
quiet nibhrta 
quite eva enclitic 
quiver spand 

R

rag pataccaram 
rather nanu 
reach anu + pra + 3p 
ready udyata 
realise ava + gam 
really satyam 
reason ldranam 
rebuke upa + 3 + labh 
rebuking up3lambhah 
recall smr cam. 
receive grah 
recklessness asamlksya:kari~t3 
recognise prati + abhi + jn3, pari 
+ d 
reconciled prasanna 
redundancy paunaruktam 
reed vetasah 
refuse to use na 
regain (consciousness) upa + 
labh 
regard (: think) man 
regard for -anurodhah; with 
regard to prati + acc. 
rein abhisu m. 
reject prati + i + dis 
rejection pratySkhySnam, 
pratySdesah 
rejoice mad 
release vi + srj 
relent prasadam kr 
religious power siddhi f. 
remain stha 
remaining part sesah 
remark vacanam 
remedy pratikarah 
remember smr 
remnant se$ah 
remove apa + ni; (ornaments 
etc.) ava + tf caus. 
reply prativacanam 
report prasiddhi f. 
request vijnapana 
rescue abhi + upa + pad 
rescue prina-raksa 
residence bhavanam 
resist pari + hr 
resolve niscayah 
resort to a + sri 
respect for bahumanah + loc. 
respect, worthier of — garlyams 
respectfully sa_gauravam 
resplendent dipti'mant 
restrain ni + grah, upa + sain + hr 
restraint avagrahah 
return prati + ni + vrt 
reveal 5vis~kr, pra + kas caus. 
reveal oneself avir~bhD 
revered tatrabhavant; my 
revered father tata-padah 
Reverence, Her/Your — bhagavati 
reverend bhagavant (f. 
bhagavati) 
reward pari + tus caus. 
reward phalam 
rewarding parito$ah 
riches vibh&ti f. pi. 
riding carya 
right adv. eva 
right (rproper) yukta; righdy 
yuktam 
right (opp. left) daksina; to the 
right of daksinena + acc. 
ring adgurlyaka tnJrt. 
rise ut + cal, ut + stha 
rite kriya, vidhi madgalam 
river nadi 
road, roadway margah 
rock sila 
role bhCmika 
rosary aksamala 
roused upajata 
royal bard vaitalilcah 
royal seer raja:rsi m. 
ruined, be — ava + sad 
ruler Isvarah 
run pra + dru

S

sacred law dhannah 
sacrifice hu 
sacrifice, place of — agniho- 
trasaranam 
sacrificial medhya 
sacrilege abrahmanyam 
safeguard raks 
sage muni m. 
sake, for the — of -artham 
salute pra + nam, vand (get. 
vandya) 
same, the/that — sah + eva; this 
same ayam etc. + eva 
say vad, vac, kath, brfi, abhi + 
dha 
scandal kaulinam 
scant svalpa 
scare ut * tras caus. (uttrlsayati) 
scent amodah 
scholar panditah 
science sSstnun 
scold npa + a + labh 
seal madid 
search ana + is 
search, in — of anvesin 
season samayah 
seated, be — ni + sad 
second dvitlya 
secret rahasyam 
seduce S + vrj cam. 
see drs, ava + lok, a + lok; see to 
it thatkr + yatha 
see, see how use esah or ayam 
seeing darsanam 
seeing darsin 
seem use iva 
seer rsi m., great seer mahatrsi 
m. 
seize grab 
self, myself etc. (reflexive) 
atman m. sg.; (emphatic)/foi 
oneself etc. svayam 
self-control dhairyam 
selfsame eva 
sell vi + kri 
send pra + is cam. (presayati) 
senior to guru + gen. 
separated, having become — 
vighatita 
serpent visadharah, nagah, 
phanabhrt m. 
servant parijanah, dasi; servant 
girl dasi 
service upakarah, priyam 
set stha cam. 
set forth, set out pra + stha 
severe (punishment) tiksna; 
(austerity) kasta 
shade chaya 
shake cal bam. (calayati) 
shame lajja; shame (on) dhik 
(■race.) 
shame, put to — prati + a + dis 
sharp nisita; (:astringent) 
kasaya 
shoot vyadh (pass, vidhyate) 
should me arh or ger. in ya / 
anlya 
show drs cam. 
show preksaniyakam 
shower abhi + vrs (1 abhivarsati) 
shower (:multitude) nikarah 
shut avrta 
side paksah 
sides, on all — sarvatah 
sight darsanam 
sign लिङ्गं (liṅgaṃ), cihnam 
signal samjna 
signature svahastah 
silent, stay — t&snlm as; fall 
silent tOfnim as (in imperf.) 
sin papman m. 
since (prep.) prabhrti + able, 
(tbecause) me abUinstr. of ab- 
stract noun, or yena, yatah, yat,  id 
sing gai 
sir arya 
sire iajan 
sister bhagini, svasr 
sit (down) upa + vis 
skill kausalatn 
sky gt^anam; skies dis f. pi. 
slab talam 
slender me yasti f. 
slip pari + bhrams 
slow, by — stages sanaih sanaih 
snake sarpah 
snatch hr 
so (simple connective) tat, 
(:I infer that) tarhi; (:thus) 
evam, (:to such an extent) evam 
sobriquet prasiddhi f. 
soft mrdu 
sojourn sahavasah 
soldier sainikah 
solely kevalam; solely partial 
ekatpaksapatin 

solitary ekaldn 
some, someone kas cit, ko >pi; 
someone (to do something) 
agent noun 
son putrah, darakah, sutah, pu- 
trakah 
sorrow visadah 
sovereignty rajyam 
speak vad, vac, abhi + dha 
speaking katha 
specify nis + dis 
spectator simajikah 
speech vSc f. 
spend (time) gam caus., y3 
cans, (yapayad) 
spoil dus caus. 
spot (:p(ace) uddes'ah 
stages, by slow — sanaih sanaih 
stamp adk 
stand stha 
standing -stha ifc. 
start a + rabh 
state avastha 
stay stha, as 
step padam 
still idanim api 
stone sila 
stop stha 
story vrttamah 
strange ^unprecedented) 
apfirva; (rmarvellous) citra 
stranger parah 
strategy nlti f. 
street ratfaya 
stroll through anu + vi + car + 
acc. 
student batu 
stupid balisa 
subject praja, prakrd f. 
success siddhi f. 
such idrsa, evamjvidha, rdrs 
(Idrk) 
such as ividha, jadi 
suddenly sahasa 
sudra s&drah 
suffering vyatha 
sufficient paryapta 
suicide atma-tyagah 
suited anuifipa 
suitor prarthayitr 
summon a + hve, sam + a + hve 
sun s&ryah, vivasvant m. 
support nibandhanam 
suppress ni + grah 
suppressing nigrahah 
surely khalu 
surmise tark (X tarkayati) 
surpassing (:extreme) atisaya; 
(:going beyond) -adrikta 
surround pari + vr 
sweat svedah 
sweet madhura 
swift sighra, ksipra 
swoon mbrcha 
sword sastnun 
syllable aksaram 

T

take (tconvey) nl; (accept, un- 
derstand) grah 
take away apa + ni 
talk kadi 
talking a&pah 
task Idtaryam, karman n. 
taunt adhi + ksip 
teacher acaryah, upadhyayah 
tell vad, vac, kath 
temple ayatanam 
tend (plants) pari + vrdh caus. 
tender irdra; make tender vat- 
salayati 
tenderness snehah 
that {demon.) sah, asau; ( conj .) 
id, yat, yatha 
the usually omit, sah, asau 
then tads, tatah; (:so) tat; but 
then atha v3 
there tatra; from there tatah 
there is asd; there is ayam asau 
therefore atah 
thereupon tatah 
thicket vitapa mJn. 
think man, cint 
this esah, ayam, enam; in/on/ 
about this atra; from this atah 
though api, yady api 
thoughts citta-vrtti f. 
thread sfitram 
three -trayam; three or four 
tricatura 
threshold dvir f. 
throne simhasanam 
throng sammardah, samkulam 
thus evam 
tiger vyaghrah 
time kalah, vela, avasarah; some 
time later kasya cit kalasya 
tip pari + tus caus. 
tired parisranta 
tithe bhagah 
title sabdah 
to use gen., dat., inf. etc.-, (:in 
the direction of) use acc., prati, 
-antikam; (:in order to) use 
dat. or -artham 
today adya 
together with saha + instr. 
tone gir f. 
too api 
top sikharam 
touch sprs 
touch sparsah 
towards prati + acc.-, ( — an ob- 
ject of feeling) prati or use loc. 
town puram 
townsfolk paura:janah 
trader vanij m. 
trainer vinetr 
traitor raj>-apathya-karin 
tread ksud 
tree p^dapah, vrksakah, vrksah; 
young tree potakah 
tremble kamp (I kampate) 
triumph over ati + si 
trouble tedh (I badhate) 
true satya 
truly satyam, nanu 
trust . vi + svas (I visvasati) + loc. 
trustworthy ipta 
try yat 
turmoil, in a — tumula 
turn (to) k|p + dat. 
turn away pars + vrt caus. 
turn back prati + ni + vrt 
turn into (:become) use 
samvrtta; (.-convert into) use kr 
in compound 
turn round pari + vrt caus. 
twin yamaja 
two use du. or -dvayam 
twofold dvaya (f. dvayl) 

U

ugliness vaiifipyam 
ultimate para 
un- a:/an: 
uncalled for adc3rana 
uncertainty vikalpah 
understand ava + gam, grab 
understand, someone to — 
jnatr 
underway pravrtta 
unite yuj caus. 
unshakeable (resolve) aharya 
unsteady vihvala 
until ySvat 
untoward apara 
upon use loc. 
us asm&n etc. 
usher in pra + vis caus. 
utterance bharati 

V

vain vitatha 
vainly mrsa 
valour vikramah 
valuable maharghya 
vanish tiras + bh& 
vapour dfafimah 
various vidtra; various-ness 
vaidtryam 
vendor vikretr 
verse ghtha 
very (adj.) use eva 
vexation p ankles ah 
victorious, be— vi + ji atm. 
victory vijayah 
Videha, of — Vaideha If. 1) 
vile dur£tman 
villain p^pah 
vine lat31 
violate ut + laAgh caus. 
violence, do— to abhi + drub 
violent pracanda 
virtuous $3dhu (f. sadhvi) 
visible अभिव्यक्त (abhivyakta) 
voice v3c f. 
void sBnya 
vow vratam, pratijfia 

W

wait for prad + pal 
wait upon upa + as 
walk sam + car &tm. 
wall bhitti f. 
wander bhram 
want is 
warrior k&triyah 
washed dhauta 
watch vi + lok earn., drs 
water jalam, salilam 
way prakirah; in this way evam; this way (:in this direc-  tion) itah; on the way antara 
wayward dur:vinita 
wealth vibbOti kosah, dyum-  nam 
weaning stanya-tyigah (‘leaving  the breast’) 
weapon astram 
wear dhr 
wed upa + yam 
weep rud 
welcome prad + nand; wel-  come! sv3gatam 
welfare kusalam 
well su prefix 
well, as — api 
wet kiinna 
what? kah (1dm); what, . . . ? 
katham; what (a)! use aho; 
what (:that which) yat; from 
what? kutah; what of it? tatah  Idm 
when yatfe, yivat 
where? kva; where (con/.) yatra; 
where from? kutah 
whereabouts? kutah 
which? kah; which (rel. pron.)  yah 
while (:short time) muhfirta  m. for a little while muhfi-  rtamiva 
while (con/.) y3vat 
who/whom? kah; who/whom  (rel. pron.) yah; it is . . . who  use eva 
whole sarva, sakala, asesa 
whore pumscall 
whose kasya etc., yasya etc. 
why? 1dm, (.-for what purpose?)  Idm-artham, (:from what  cause?) kasmat; why! (in sur-  prise) katham, (in mild admo-  nition) nanu 
wicked dur^tanan 
widespread prathita 
wife kalatram, dJrah m. pi.;  friend’s wife sakhl 
win 1i 
wine madhu n. 
wish is 
wish manorathah 
with use instr.; (together with)  saha + instr., sa in cpd.; (:pos-  sessing) ~vant or bahuvribi 
withdraw sam + hr 
without use prefixes nis or a; 
without (doing) a + absol. 
witness pratyakfi'kr 
witness (to) -saksin 
woman stri, n£ri, yosit f. 
wonder; I — (after interrog.) nu  khalu 
wonderful vidtra 
woo pra + arth (X pr3rthayate) 
wood vanam, kananam 
word vacanam 
work karman n.; (:literary 
work) prabandhah, prayoga-  bandhah, krti f. 
working vySparah 
world lokah 
worried, be — sadk (I  saAkate) 
worship vand 
worthier of respect gariyams 
worthy 3rya 
worthy holder bhajanam 
wounded vranita 
wretch varakah 
write likh, abhi + likh 
writer kavi m. 

Y

yet tatha >pi, punar enclitic 
you tvam (tvat/yusmat) etc.; 
*you ( polite form) bhavant (f. 
bhavati) 
young tree potakah 
younger kanlyams 
your/yours/of yours say ‘of you’ 
youth navaryauvanam